{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:56:07Z","timestamp":1777542967555,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1963,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chagas disease due to a trypanosome infection may lead to extensive destruction of ganglion cells in the peripheral autonomic system and may result in gross enlargement of the oesophagus, colon, and heart. From studies on nerve cell counts it is concluded that the number of ganglion cells in the oesophagus must be reduced to less than half to produce functional disturbances in the oesophagus and to one tenth to produce a megaoesophagus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Problems of terminology are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.4.4.399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:41:31Z","timestamp":1190137291000},"page":"399-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Enteromegaly and cardiomegaly in Chagas disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Fritz","family":"K\u00f6berle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1963,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"296","volume":"10","author":"Alcantara, F.G.de","year":"1959","unstructured":"Alcantara, F. G. de (1959). Experimentelle Chagas-Kardiopathie. Z. Tropenmed. Parasit., 10, 296-303.","journal-title":"Experimentelle Chagas-Kardiopathie. Z. Tropenmed. Parasit"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"101","article-title":"Histopathologia e pathogenese do megaesophago e megarecto","volume":"8","author":"Amorim, M.; Correa Netto, A.","year":"1932","unstructured":"Amorim, M., and Correa Netto, A. (1932). Histopathologia e pathogenese do megaesophago e megarecto. Ann. Fac. Med. S. Paulo, 8, 101-127.","journal-title":"Ann. Fac. Med. S. Paulo"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(49)90340-2","article-title":"Hirschsprung's disease and idiopathic megacolon","volume":"1","author":"Bodian, M.; Stephens, F.D.; Ward, B.C.H.","year":"1949","unstructured":"Bodian, M., Stephens, F. D., and Ward, B. C. H. (1949). Hirschsprung's disease and idiopathic megacolon. Lancet, 1, 6-11.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"302","volume":"1","author":"Carter, C. 0.; Ward, B. C. H","year":"1951","unstructured":"Carter, C. 0., and Ward, B. C. H. (1951). Hirschsprung's disease. Lancet, 1, 302-309.","journal-title":"Hirschsprung's disease. Lancet"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Estudo quantitativo de neur6nios simpaticos e parasimpaticos na M6l6stia de Chagas experimental, em ratos","volume":"0","author":"Brandao, H.J.S.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Brandao, H. J. S. (1961). Estudo quantitativo de neur6nios simpaticos e parasimpaticos na M6l6stia de Chagas experimental, em ratos. Inaug. Dis. Fac. Med. Ribeirao Preto, 0, 1-64.","journal-title":"Inaug. Dis. Fac. Med. Ribeirao Preto"},{"key":"ref_6","article-title":"Etiopatogenia da \"aperistalsis\" do es6fago","author":"Brasil, A.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Brasil, A. (1956). Etiopatogenia da \"aperistalsis\" do es6fago. Rev."},{"key":"ref_7","article-title":"Nova tripanozomiaze humana. Mem","author":"Chagas, C.","year":"1909","unstructured":"Chagas, C. (1909). Nova tripanozomiaze humana. Mem. Inst. Osw."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref_8","first-page":"5","article-title":"Processos patojenicos da tripanozomiase americana","volume":"8","author":"a","unstructured":"--(1916a). Processos patojenicos da tripanozomiase americana, Ibid., 8, (2), 5-36.","journal-title":"Ibid"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref_9","first-page":"37","article-title":"Tripanosomiase americana. Forma aguda da molestia","volume":"8","author":"b","unstructured":"--(1916b). Tripanosomiase americana. Forma aguda da molestia, Ibid., 8, (2), 37-60.","journal-title":"Ibid"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"5","article-title":"Forma cardiaca da tripanosomiase americana","volume":"14","author":"Villela, E.","year":"1922","unstructured":"--, and Villela, E. (1922). Forma cardiaca da tripanosomiase americana. Ibid., 14, 5-61.","journal-title":"Ibid"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"249","article-title":"Tratamento cirurgico do megacolo pela resec~&o dos chamados esfincteres funcionaes do intestino grosso","volume":"1","author":"Correa Netto, A.","year":"1934","unstructured":"Correa Netto, A. (1934). Tratamento cirurgico do megacolo pela resec~&o dos chamados esfincteres funcionaes do intestino grosso. Rev. Cirurg. S. Paulo, 1, 249-295.","journal-title":"Rev. Cirurg. S. Paulo"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"740","article-title":"Ricerche istologiche su di un caso di megacolon congenito","volume":"28","author":"Dalla Valle, A.","year":"1920","unstructured":"Dalla Valle, A. (1920). Ricerche istologiche su di un caso di megacolon congenito. Pediatria (Napoli), 28, 740-752.","journal-title":"Pediatria (Napoli)"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"A avitaminose como agente etiol6gico do megaes6-","author":"Etzel, E.","year":"1935","unstructured":"Etzel, E. (1935). A avitaminose como agente etiol6gico do megaes6-"},{"key":"ref_14","article-title":"Megacolo e megaes6fago no Brasil central","author":"Freitas, Jr, S.V.","year":"1950","unstructured":"Freitas, S. V. Jr. (1950). Megacolo e megaes6fago no Brasil central."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"591","article-title":"Temopo de transito esofagico em portadores de Molestia de Chagas","volume":"2","author":"Godoy, R.A.; Haddad, N.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Godoy, R. A., and Haddad, N. (1961). Temopo de transito esofagico em portadores de Molestia de Chagas. Ann. Congr. int. Doenca de Chagas, 2, 591-602.","journal-title":"Ann. Congr"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"333","article-title":"Die Chagaskrankheit; eine Erkrankung der neurovegetativen peripherie","volume":"68","author":"Koberle, F.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Koberle, F. (1956a). Die Chagaskrankheit; eine Erkrankung der neurovegetativen peripherie. Wien. klin. Wschr., 68, 333-339.","journal-title":"Wien. klin. Wschr"},{"issue":"101-1","key":"ref_17","first-page":"10","article-title":"Patogenese dos megas","volume":"2","author":"Koberle, F.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Koberle, F. (1956b). Patogenese dos megas. Rev. goiana Med., 2, 101-1 10.","journal-title":"Rev. goiana Med"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"321","article-title":"Pathologische Befunde an den muskularen Hohlorganen bei der experimentellen Chagaskrankheit","volume":"95","author":"Koberle, F.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Koberle, F. (1956c). Pathologische Befunde an den muskularen Hohlorganen bei der experimentellen Chagaskrankheit. Zbl. allg. Path. path, Anat., 95, 321-329.","journal-title":"Zbl. allg. Path. path, Anat"},{"key":"ref_19","article-title":"Ober das Neurotoxin des Trypanosoma cruzi","volume":"95","author":"Koberle, F.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Koberle, F. (1956d). Ober das Neurotoxin des Trypanosoma cruzi. Ibid., 95.","journal-title":"Ibid"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"337","article-title":"Zur Frage der Entstehung sog. \"idiopathischer Dilatationen muskularer Hohlorgane","volume":"329","author":"e","unstructured":"(1956e). Zur Frage der Entstehung sog. \"idiopathischer Dilatationen muskularer Hohlorgane. Virchows Arch. path. Anat., 329, 337-362.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch. path. Anat"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"155","volume":"3","author":"a). Patogenia de Mol6stia de Chagas","unstructured":"(1957a). Patogenia de Mol6stia de Chagas. Rev. goiana Med., 3, 155-180.","journal-title":"Rev. goiana Med"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"244","volume":"96","author":"b). Uber Enteromegalie","unstructured":"--(1957b). Uber Enteromegalie. Zbl. allg. Path. path. Anat., 96, 244-259.","journal-title":"Zbl. allg. Path. path. Anat"},{"key":"ref_23","article-title":"Die chronische Chagaskardiopathie. Virchows Arch","author":"c","unstructured":"--(1957c). Die chronische Chagaskardiopathie. Virchows Arch."},{"key":"ref_24","article-title":"Zur lehre von der Herzhypertrophie","author":"d","unstructured":"(1957d). Zur lehre von der Herzhypertrophie. Munch. med."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"113","article-title":"Ober hypoxydotische Herzund Aortenveranderungen","volume":"100","author":"a","unstructured":"(1959a). Ober hypoxydotische Herzund Aortenveranderungen. Zbl. allg. Path. path. Anat., 100, 113-123.","journal-title":"Zbl. allg. Path. path. Anat"},{"key":"ref_26","author":"Munchn. med","unstructured":"(1959b). Cardiopathia parasympathicopsiva. Munchn. med."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"236","article-title":"Die Chagaskrankheit - ihre Pathogenese und ihr Bedeutung als Volksseuche","volume":"10","author":"c","unstructured":"(1959c). Die Chagaskrankheit - ihre Pathogenese und ihr Bedeutung als Volksseuche. Z. Tropenmed. Parasit., 10, 236-268.","journal-title":"Z. Tropenmed. Parasit"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"1026","article-title":"The pathogenesis and clinical management of megacolon with emphasis on the fallacy of the term \"idiopathic\"","volume":"30","author":"Lee, C. M. Jr.; Bebb, K. C","year":"1951","unstructured":"Lee, C. M. Jr., and Bebb, K. C. (1951). The pathogenesis and clinical management of megacolon with emphasis on the fallacy of the term \"idiopathic\". Surgery, 30, 1026-1048.","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"29","article-title":"Contribuisao a etiologia do megaes6fago","volume":"4","author":"Mineiro, V.","year":"1958","unstructured":"Mineiro, V. (1958). Contribuisao a etiologia do megaes6fago. Rev. goiana Med., 4, 29-34.","journal-title":"Rev. goiana Med"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"297","article-title":"Megaesofago por doenea de Chagas","volume":"2","author":"Rezende, J.M.de","year":"1956","unstructured":"Rezende, J. M. de (1956). Megaesofago por doenea de Chagas. Ibid., 2, 297-314.","journal-title":"Ibid"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"193","article-title":"Forma digestiva da molestia de Chagas","volume":"5","author":"Rezende, J.M.de","year":"1959","unstructured":"Rezende, J. M. de (1959). Forma digestiva da molestia de Chagas. Ibid., 5, 193-227.","journal-title":"Ibid"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"453","article-title":"Anatomisch nachgewiesene Folgen von Tonus und motilittts-storungen des Verdauungskanals bei Enzephalitikern, die mit Atropin behandelt wurden","volume":"82","author":"Siegmund, H.","year":"1935","unstructured":"Siegmund, H. (1935). Anatomisch nachgewiesene Folgen von Tonus und motilittts-storungen des Verdauungskanals bei Enzephalitikern, die mit Atropin behandelt wurden. Munch. med. Wschr., 82, 453-454.","journal-title":"Munch. med. 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Paulo, -, 1-434."}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.4.4.399","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T05:27:05Z","timestamp":1765603625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.4.4.399"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1963,12]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1963,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1963,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.4.4.399"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.4.4.399","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1963,12]]}}}