{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:22:33Z","timestamp":1774527753962,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fatty foods are commonly reported to aggravate gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms. In this study the hypothesis that fat provokes reflux by stimulating transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations via small intestinal receptors was investigated. METHODS: In 12 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with reflux oesophagitis, oesophageal motility and pH were measured over 30 minute periods during which saline or fat (10% Intralipid) were infused in random order into the duodenum. The infusion periods were separated by a 30 minute washout. The stomach was loaded with 200 ml 10% dextrose, maintained by an intragastric infusion. RESULTS: Fat decreased basal LOS pressure from 16.9 (SEM 2.1) to 12.4 (SEM 1.5) mm Hg in normal subjects but had no effect in patients with oesophagitis (18.8 (SEM 4.3) v 18.2 (SEM 3.0) mm Hg). During saline infusion, the rates of transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxation and reflux episodes were greater in patients (4.5 (interquartile range 2-11)\/30 min and 5 (2-14)\/30 min respectively) than in controls (3 (2-4)\/30 min and 3 (2-3.5)\/30 min respectively). Fat increased the rate of reflux episodes in the reflux patients to 6.5 (3-25)\/30 min. This effect was due to an increase in the incidence of reflux during transient LOS relaxations (65% v 91%), the rate of transient relaxations remaining unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: Instillation of fat directly into the duodenum aggravates reflux in patients with reflux disease, by increasing the proportion of transient LOS relaxations accompanied by reflux.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.40.4.449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,18]],"date-time":"2014-08-18T14:06:44Z","timestamp":1408370804000},"page":"449-453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Effect of intraduodenal fat on lower oesophageal sphincter function and gastro-oesophageal reflux."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"R H","family":"Holloway","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Lyrenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Ireland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Dent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]]},"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.40.4.449","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T03:22:14Z","timestamp":1765077734000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.40.4.449"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.40.4.449"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.40.4.449","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}}}