{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T18:11:29Z","timestamp":1778695889599,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1997,11,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Background\/Aims<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Uncontrolled complement activation may be of immunopathological importance in inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Expression of membrane bound factors that regulate complement activation was therefore studied in situ.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Frozen tissue specimens were obtained from patients with\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    gastritis, coeliac disease, Crohn\u2019s disease, or ulcerative colitis, and from histologically normal controls. Sections were examined by immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies to protectin (CD59), decay accelerating factor (DAF), and membrane cofactor protein (MCP).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Protectin and MCP were widely expressed in normal and diseased mucosae. MCP was generally observed basolaterally on all epithelial cells, whereas apical protectin expression was more intense on the epithelium of normal colonic mucosa than in the normal duodenum (p = 0.001). Epithelial DAF and to some extent protectin were upregulated in gastritis, coeliac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. Areas of the stomach with intestinal metaplasia expressed DAF, unlike the adjacent gastric epithelium. Parietal cells of the gastric body expressed neither protectin nor DAF.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Epithelial complement inhibitory molecules were expressed differently at various normal gastrointestinal sites and also in association with mucosal disease, suggesting variable protective potential. Such molecules could play a role in the development of gastric atrophy by protecting areas of intestinal metaplasia. Conversely, parietal cells appeared to be potentially vulnerable targets for complement attack.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.4.522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,30]],"date-time":"2010-06-30T12:46:12Z","timestamp":1277901972000},"page":"522-529","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Expression of cell membrane complement regulatory glycoproteins along the normal and diseased human gastrointestinal tract"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"A E","family":"Berstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT), Institute of Pathology, University of Oslo, The National Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Brandtzaeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT), Institute of Pathology, University of Oslo, The National Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121223395564000_42.4.522.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(91)90009-I"},{"key":"2025121223395564000_42.4.522.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90343-Y","article-title":"Epithelial deposition of immunoglobulin G1 and activated complement (C3b and terminal complement complex) in ulcerative colitis.","volume":"98","author":"Halstensen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025121223395564000_42.4.522.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halstensen TS, Mollnes TE, Garred P, et al. 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