{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:49:41Z","timestamp":1790394581595,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Animal studies have shown that motilin affects gall bladder motility. In humans, no effect has been shown, but erythromycin, a motilin receptor agonist, induces gall bladder emptying.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Aims<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014To explore the effect of increasing doses of exogenous motilin on gall bladder volume and antral contractility in the fasted state in humans.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014After an overnight fast, eight healthy men received increasing intravenous doses of Leu\n                    <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>\n                    -motilin (KW-5139) or 0.9% NaCl in a double blind, randomised fashion. Gall bladder volume and antral contraction frequency were determined by ultrasonography.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Infusion of motilin increased plasma motilin levels. Motilin induced a reduction in gall bladder volume of 8.0 (5.0)%, 17.1 (5.0)%, 18.5 (4.7)%, and 16.1 (4.9)% of baseline volume at the end of infusion of 2, 4, ,8 and 16 pmol\/kg\/min respectively, compared with mean stable gall bladder volumes during placebo infusion (p&lt;0.05). Antral contraction frequency increased during motilin infusion, but not during placebo infusion (p&lt;0.05).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014Exogenous motilin reducted fasting gall bladder volume and increased antral contractions. After reaching maximal reduction, the gall bladder volume did not decrease further during continuous motilin infusion at higher doses and stayed at the same reduced volume. The degree of gall bladder volume reduction during motilin infusion mimicked gall bladder emptying preceding antral phase III activity of the migrating motor complex in humans. This study indicates that motilin may play a physiological role in the regulation of gall bladder emptying in the fasted state.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.6.830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,30]],"date-time":"2010-06-30T12:46:12Z","timestamp":1277901972000},"page":"830-835","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Motilin induces gall bladder emptying and antral contractions in the fasted state in humans"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Y C","family":"Luiking","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T L","family":"Peeters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M F J","family":"Stolk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V B","family":"Nieuwenhuijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Portincasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Depoortere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G P","family":"van Berge Henegouwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L M A","family":"Akkermans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Utrecht, The Netherlands, \n\ncGut Hormone Laboratory, University of Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y71-047"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(80)90250-4","article-title":"Fasting plasma motilin levels are related to the interdigestive motility complex.","volume":"79","author":"Peeters","year":"1980","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01489315"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.1990.tb00031.x","article-title":"Plasma motilin variation during the interdigestive and digestive states in man.","volume":"2","author":"Boivin","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Motil"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528708991914"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.6","first-page":"G596","article-title":"Motor cycles with phase III in antrum are associated with high motilin levels and prolonged gall bladder emptying.","volume":"264","author":"Stolk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(83)80160-7","article-title":"Pancreatic polypeptide and intestinal migrating motor complex in humans. 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A scintigraphic and monometric study.","volume":"42","author":"Qvist","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dan Med Bull"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.39","first-page":"G418","article-title":"Gastrokinetic effects of erythromycin and neurogenic mechanisms of action in rabbit stomach.","volume":"269","author":"Parkman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2025112110164539000_42.6.830.40","first-page":"G476","article-title":"Effect of motilin on the opossum upper gastrointestinal tract and sphincter of Oddi.","volume":"245","author":"Takahashi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.42.6.830","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T18:16:56Z","timestamp":1763749016000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.42.6.830"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.42.6.830"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.42.6.830","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,6,1]]}}}