{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:40:02Z","timestamp":1789000802154,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1998,9,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND\/AIMS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Endoscopic ultrasonography is expected to be useful for invasion depth staging of early gastric cancer. A prospective blind study of the staging characteristics of endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography for early gastric cancer was performed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Findings of endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography using a 20 MHz thin ultrasound probe were independently reviewed and the results of 52 early gastric cancer lesions analysed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The overall accuracy rates in invasion depth staging of early gastric cancer were 63% for endoscopy and 71% for endoscopic ultrasonography. No statistically significant differences were observed in overall accuracy. Endoscopic ultrasonography tended to overstage, and lesions that were classified as mucosal cancer by endoscopic ultrasonography were very likely (95%) to be limited to the mucosa on histological examination. All 16 lesions staged as mucosal cancer independently but coincidentally by both methods were histologically limited to the mucosa.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Endoscopic ultrasonography is expected to compensate for the understaging of lesions with submucosal invasion that are endoscopically staged as mucosal cancer.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.3.361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,30]],"date-time":"2010-06-30T12:46:12Z","timestamp":1277901972000},"page":"361-365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["A blind comparison of the effectiveness of endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopy in staging early gastric cancer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Yanai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan, \n\ncDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan, \n\ncDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Mizumachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan, \n\ncDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Tokiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan, \n\ncDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan, \n\ncDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Tada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan, \n\ncDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Okita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aFirst Department of Internal Medicine, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan, \n\nbDepartment of Gastroenterology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyusyu, Japan, \n\ncDepartment of Gastroenterology, Shimonoseki City Hospital, Shimonoseki, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)90293-7"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(82)80012-7","article-title":"Human endoscopic ultrasonography.","volume":"83","author":"DiMagno","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.3","unstructured":"Nakazawa S Nakamura T Yoshino J (1990) Endoscopic ultrasonography. in Endoscopic approaches to cancer diagnosis and treatment, eds Oguro Y Takagi K (Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo), pp 41\u201356."},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1005428","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasonography.","volume":"28","author":"Caletti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)70083-4"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010365","article-title":"Endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer.","volume":"25","author":"Tada","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.7","unstructured":"Oguro Y (1990) Recent advances in endoscopic treatment. in Endoscopic approaches to cancer diagnosis and treatment, eds Oguro Y Takagi K (Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo), pp 89\u201399."},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1005415"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.9","first-page":"51","article-title":"Preoperative TNM classification of gastric carcinoma by endosonography in comparison with the pathological TNM system: a prospective study of 72 cases.","volume":"36","author":"Tio","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.5.479"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lightdale CJ. Endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis, staging and follow-up of esophageal and gastric cancer.Endoscopy 1992;24(suppl 1):297\u2013303. .","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010487"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010297","article-title":"Endosonography for preoperative locoregional staging of esophageal and gastric cancer.","volume":"25","author":"Grimm","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010276","article-title":"Role of endoscopic ultrasonography in gastric carcinoma.","volume":"25","author":"Dittler","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takemoto T, Yanai H, Tada M, et al. Application of ultrasonic probes prior to endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer. Endoscopy1992;24 (suppl 1):329\u201333. .","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010493"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(93)70160-1","article-title":"Delineation of the gastric muscularis mucosae and assessment of depth of invasion of early gastric cancer using a 20-megahertz endoscopic ultrasound probe.","volume":"39","author":"Yanai","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)70225-0","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of 20-megahertz linear endoscopic ultrasonography in early gastric cancer.","volume":"44","author":"Yanai","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01536738"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1010264","article-title":"Staging of gastric cancer by endoscopy.","volume":"25","author":"Colin-Jones","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(97)70088-9"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aibe T, Fuji T, Okita K, et al. A fundamental study of normal layer structure of the gastrointestinal wall visualized by endoscopic ultrasonography.Scand J Gastroenterol1986;21 (suppl 123):6\u201315. .","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528609091857"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)91568-0","article-title":"Histologic correlates of gastrointestinal ultrasound images.","volume":"96","author":"Kimmey","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)70012-3"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1004310","article-title":"In-vitro endosonographic appearance of muscularis mucosae of the esophagus.","volume":"29","author":"Yanai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.24","unstructured":"Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer (1995) Japanese classification of gastric carcinoma.1st English edn. (Kanehara & Co Ltd, Tokyo)."},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(96)81511-2","article-title":"Endoscopic ultrasonic probes and mucosectomy for early gastric carcinoma.","volume":"43","author":"Yasuda","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19960215)77:4<602::AID-CNCR3>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)12249-2"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950915)76:6<935::AID-CNCR2820760605>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529409094880","article-title":"Radical surgery (R2 resection) for gastric cancer: a multivariate analysis.","volume":"29","author":"Lisborg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025090712250193000_44.3.361.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90637-1"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.44.3.361","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T19:25:15Z","timestamp":1757273115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.44.3.361"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.44.3.361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.44.3.361","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]}}}