{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:56:33Z","timestamp":1791176193187,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND\/AIMS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in fulminant hepatitis remains controversial. This study was conducted to investigate the risk of fulminant hepatitis C in relation to HCV genotypes and concurrent infection of other viruses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>PATIENTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>109 HCV RNA positive patients from 334 consecutive cases hospitalised to a medical centre in northern Taiwan for overt acute viral hepatitis were prospectively evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HCV RNA was detected by a combined reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. HCV genotypes were analysed using a genotype specific probe based assay in the 5\u2019 untranslated region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      39 patients tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen but negative for IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen, indicating concurrent chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Twelve patients were hepatitis G virus (HGV) RNA positive. Genotyping of HCV disclosed 1b in 93, 1b mixed with 2a\/2c or 1b mixed with 2b in 11, and not classified in five. Serum titres of HCV RNA were &lt;10\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/ml in 77, 10\n                      <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u201310\n                      <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/ml in 25, and &gt;10\n                      <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                      copies\/ml in seven. Eleven patients (10.1%) had fulminant hepatitis as a complication. Development of fulminant hepatitis did not correlate with age and gender of the patients, concurrent HGV infection, HCV genotypes, or serum titre of HCV RNA. However, the incidence (95% confidence interval) of fulminant hepatitis in patients with underlying chronic HBV infection was 23.1% (9.9 to 36.3%), which is significantly higher than in those without (2.9% (\u22121.0 to 6.8%)). In 39 patients with concurrent chronic HBV infection, the clinical and virological characteristics showed no significant difference between those with fulminant hepatitis and those without.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute hepatitis C in patients with concurrent chronic HBV infection is associated with a substantial risk of fulminant hepatitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.4.613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,30]],"date-time":"2010-06-30T12:46:12Z","timestamp":1277901972000},"page":"613-617","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Fulminant hepatic failure in acute hepatitis C: increased risk in chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"C M","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C T","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y F","family":"Liaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Medical College, Taipei, 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