{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T04:51:32Z","timestamp":1782708692660,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent research suggests that oats do not harm intestinal villi in adults with coeliac disease. As the immunological effects of oats have not been examined in detail, it was decided to compare the immunological responses of a gluten free diet including oats with those of a conventional gluten free diet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>DESIGN<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomised controlled intervention study over 6\u201312 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>SUBJECTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty adults with newly diagnosed coeliac disease and 52 with coeliac disease in remission were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>INTERVENTION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effects of a gluten free diet including oats and a conventional gluten free diet were compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum levels of gliadin and reticulin antibodies as well as numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in intestinal mucosa were examined before and after the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rate of disappearance of gliadin and reticulin antibodies did not differ between the diet groups in patients with newly diagnosed coeliac disease. Oats also had no effect on gliadin or reticulin antibody levels in the patients with remission. The number of IELs decreased similarly regardless of the diet of newly diagnosed patients, and no increase in the number of IELs was found in the patients in remission with or without oats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results strengthen the view that adult patients with coeliac disease can consume moderate amounts of oats without adverse immunological effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.3.327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:32:32Z","timestamp":1027751552000},"page":"327-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Lack of cellular and humoral immunological responses to oats in adults with coeliac disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"E K","family":"Janatuinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T A","family":"Kemppainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P H","family":"Pikkarainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K H","family":"Holm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V-M","family":"Kosma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M I J","family":"Uusitupa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"M\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R J K","family":"Julkunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.1","unstructured":"Dicke WK. Coeliakie. Een onderzoek nar de nadelige invloed van sommige graansoorten op de lijder aan coeliakie. Thesis, Utrecht 1950.."},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1953.tb05563.x","article-title":"Coeliac disease. The presence in wheat of a factor having a deleterious effect in cases of coeliac disease.","volume":"42","author":"Dicke","year":"1953","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1953.tb05586.x","article-title":"Coeliac disease: an investigation into the injurious constituents of wheat in connection with their action on patients with coeliac disease.","volume":"42","author":"Van de Kamer","year":"1953","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)92344-6","article-title":"Gluten sub-fractions in coeliac disease.","volume":"ii","author":"Kendall","year":"1972","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.34.173.51","article-title":"The place of oats in the coeliac diet.","volume":"34","author":"Moulton","year":"1958","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.47.252.292","article-title":"Coeliac disease. Some still controversial aspects.","volume":"47","author":"Anderson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5938.189","article-title":"Lack of harmful effect of oats on small-intestinal mucosa in coeliac disease.","volume":"4","author":"Dissanayake","year":"1974","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.52.607.264"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5944.588-b","article-title":"Oats and coeliac disease.","volume":"4","author":"Baker","year":"1974","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.20.9.743"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199510193331602"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7068.1300","article-title":"Absence of oats toxicity in adult coeliac disease.","volume":"313","author":"Srinivasan","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.13","unstructured":"Bancroft JD Stevens A , eds (1982) Theory and practice of histological techniques. (Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, London, Melbourne, New York), 3rd ed. pp 112\u00e2\u0080\u0093113."},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)91627-6","article-title":"IgA antigliadin antibodies: a marker of mucosal damagein childhood coeliac disease.","volume":"i","author":"Savilahti","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(84)80074-8"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199808000-00015"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.17","unstructured":"Altman DG Gardner MJ (1989) Calculating confidence intervals for means and their differences. in Statistics with confidence - confidence intervals and statistical guidelines. eds Gardner MJ Altman DG (The Universities Press Ltd, Belfast), pp 20\u00e2\u0080\u009327."},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199712253372604"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.43.4.490","article-title":"Tolerance to oats in dermatitis herpetiformis.","volume":"43","author":"Reunala","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.303.6811.1163","article-title":"Predictive value for coeliac disease of antibodies to gliadin, endomysium, and jejunum in patients attending for jejunal biopsy.","volume":"303","author":"McMillan","year":"1991","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01297081"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-3528(95)90030-6"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.9.1225"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01311231"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/37.5.647","article-title":"IgA anti-gliadin antibodies in adult coeliac disease.","volume":"37","author":"Hill","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1159\/000200484","article-title":"IgA antigliadin antibodies and persistence of jejunal lesions in adult coeliac disease.","volume":"47","author":"Volta","year":"1990","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.11.1604"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.12.12.988","article-title":"Quantitation of intraepithelial lymphocytes in human jejunum.","volume":"2","author":"Ferguson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.29","first-page":"35","article-title":"Correlation of HLA-DR alleles to jejunal mucosal morphology in healthy first-degree relatives of coeliac patients.","volume":"5","author":"Holm","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.11.1515"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.31","unstructured":"Leone NA Mazzarella G Giacci C (1996) Oats prolamines in vitro activate intestinal cell-mediated immunity in coeliac disease. in All on coeliac disease. Seventh International Symposium on coeliac disease. eds Collin P M\u00c3\u00a4ki M (Lege Artis, Tampere), p 69."},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.32","unstructured":"Troncone R Mazzarella G Leone A (1997) Oats prolamines are immunogenic for the coeliac intestinal mucosa. Proceedings of the 12th meeting, working group on prolamin analysis and toxicity. (University of Tubingen, Tubingen), pp 73\u00e2\u0080\u009382."},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.33","unstructured":"Feighery C Srinivasan U Carolan J (1998) Oats challenge in vivo does not activate coeliac disease as determined by immunohistological markers. in Changing features of coeliac disease. eds Lohiniemi S Collin P M\u00c3\u00a4ki M (The Finnish Coeliac Society, Tampere), pp 103\u00e2\u0080\u0093108."},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70400-7","article-title":"Unintentional gluten ingestion in coeliac patients.","volume":"115","author":"Ciacci","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025121310371270000_46.3.327.35","first-page":"305","article-title":"Compliance to a gluten-free diet in adolescent, or \u00e2\u0080\u009cWhat do 300 coeliac adolescents eat every day?\u00e2\u0080\u009d.","volume":"29","author":"Greco","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Gastroenterol Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.46.3.327","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T18:37:22Z","timestamp":1765651042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.46.3.327"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.46.3.327"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.46.3.327","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]]}}}