{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:42:52Z","timestamp":1791088972702,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2000,4,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND AIMS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Enhanced visceral sensitivity following a transient inflammatory process in the gut has been postulated as an aetiological mechanism of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In this study we compared perceptual responses to rectosigmoid distension in patients with mild chronic inflammation of the rectum (ulcerative colitis (UC)) and patients without mucosal inflammation (IBS) to determine if chronic low grade mucosal inflammation may be a plausible explanation for rectosigmoid hypersensitivity reported in both IBS and UC patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UC disease activity was quantified using activity index scores. Perception thresholds for discomfort during rectosigmoid distension were compared between 11 UC patients with quiescent or mild disease activity, 18 IBS patients, and 13 healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although UC activity index scores negatively correlated with perceptual thresholds for discomfort (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u22120.76, p=0.016), UC patients had higher discomfort thresholds compared with IBS patients and controls before (p=0.02) and after (p\n                      <jats:italic>&lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.001) a noxious sigmoid conditioning stimulus.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rectal perception was attenuated in UC but enhanced in IBS. In chronic mild inflammation, activation of antinociceptive mechanisms may prevent the development of visceral hyperalgesia. Low grade mucosal inflammation alone is unlikely to be responsible for symptoms in functional gastrointestinal disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.4.497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:32:32Z","timestamp":1027751552000},"page":"497-505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Perceptual responses in patients with inflammatory and functional bowel disease"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"L","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Munakata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E A","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M J","family":"Schmulson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T D","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C N","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Saba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Naliboff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P A","family":"Anton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Matin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aUCLA\/CURE Neuroenteric Disease Program, Department of Medicine and Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\nbHarbor-UCLA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA, \n\ncDepartment of Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA, \n\ndDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90341-4"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.2","first-page":"307","article-title":"The irritable colon syndrome.","volume":"31","author":"Chaudhary","year":"1962","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.3.400"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90086-8"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.5","unstructured":"Collins S Mayer EA Raybould HE , eds (1993) Basic and clinical aspects of chronic abdominal pain. (Elsevier, Amsterdam), pp 62\u201370."},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90255-1","article-title":"Anorectal sensitivity and responses to rectal distension in patients with ulcerative colitis.","volume":"93","author":"Rao","year":"1987","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.7","first-page":"892","article-title":"Anorectal manometry in active and quiescent ulcerative colitis.","volume":"84","author":"Loennig-Baucke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.19.6.492"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(96)03062-X"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90434-3"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70219-1"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4920.1041"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.13","first-page":"1759","article-title":"Evaluation of disease activity in patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis: comparisons between a new activity index and Truelove and Witts' classification.","volume":"90","author":"Seo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90621-4"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.15","first-page":"75","article-title":"Functional bowel disease and functional abdominal pain.","volume":"5","author":"Thompson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology Intl"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6138.653","article-title":"Towards positive diagnosis in the irritable bowel syndrome.","volume":"2","author":"Manning","year":"1978","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(78)90020-9"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.18","unstructured":"Derogatis LR (1983) SCL-90R. Administration, scoring and procedures manual\u2014II. (NCS Assessments, Towson, MD)."},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A649","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)26907-X","article-title":"Amitryptiline for functional dyspepsia: effect on symptoms, gastric sensitivity and sleep.","volume":"108","author":"Mertz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-199305000-00008"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90809-5"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90267-8"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.23","first-page":"A600","article-title":"Sensitivity to rectal distension: validation of a measurement system.","volume":"104","author":"Whitehead","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.4.505"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.25","unstructured":"Hollander M Wolfe DA (1973) Nonparametric statistical methods. (John Wiley and Sons, New York)."},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.26","unstructured":"Chang L Mayer EA Lembcke B , eds (1998) Systemic manifestations of IBD: The pending challenge for subtle diagnosis and treatment. (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Amsterdam), pp 3\u201319."},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(79)80008-6","article-title":"Elastic properties of the rectal wall in normal adults and in patients with ulcerative colitis.","volume":"77","author":"Denis","year":"1979","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(90)90021-5"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(96)00661-0"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90008-6"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00175-4"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02208656"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.33","first-page":"179","article-title":"Effect of mizolastine on visceral sensory afferent sensitivity and inflammation during experimental colitis.","volume":"48","author":"Goldhill","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arzneimittelforschung"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-8206.1994.tb00837.x"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(92)90245-7"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.36","first-page":"1002","article-title":"Sensitized afferents from the inflamed colon are not involved in the maintenance of visceral hyperalgesia.","volume":"23","author":"Coutinho","year":"1997","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abstr"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70014-9"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.6.814"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.39","first-page":"892","article-title":"Anorectal manometry in active and quiescent ulcerative colitis.","volume":"84","author":"Loening-Baucke","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199506223322506"},{"key":"2025121309394320000_47.4.497.41","unstructured":"Dixon NF (1987) Preconscious processing. (John Wiley and Sons, New York)."}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.47.4.497","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T17:39:48Z","timestamp":1765647588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gut.47.4.497"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gut.47.4.497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.47.4.497","relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,10,1]]}}}