{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:35:42Z","timestamp":1770824142855,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the clinicopathological findings of two patients with ectopic gastric mucosa within the gall ladder. The first patient, a 78 year old man, was asymptomatic. He was admitted to hospital for a colon adenocarcinoma. Intraoperatively, a firm nodule was palpable in the gall bladder. Histological examination of the resected specimen revealed a body type gastric mucosa in the submucosa, adjacent to which were extensive pyloric gland and intestinal metaplasia with mild to moderate dysplasia. The remaining gall bladder mucosa demonstrated changes of chronic cholecystitis. The second patient was a 62 year old woman with symptoms of chronic cholecystitis. The preoperative diagnosis was consistent with this diagnosis with a \u201cpolyp\u201d at the junction of the neck and cystic duct. Cholecystectomy was performed and the histological examination of the resected specimen showed that the \u201cpolyp\u201d consisted of heterotopic gastric mucosa with glands of body and fundus type. In the remaining mucosa, chronic cholecystitis was evident. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a clinicopathological presentation of heterotopic gastric mucosa, pyloric gland type, and intestinal metaplasia with dysplastic changes in the gall bladder. As heterotopic tissue may promote carcinogenesis of the gall bladder, close attention should be paid to any occurrence of such lesions in this anatomical region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.5.719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:32:32Z","timestamp":1027751552000},"page":"719-723","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Heterotopic gastric mucosa together with intestinal metaplasia and moderate dysplasia in the gall bladder: report of two clinically unusual cases with literature review"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"N","family":"Xeropotamos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece, \n\nbDepartment of Pathology, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A S","family":"Skopelitou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece, \n\nbDepartment of Pathology, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ch","family":"Batsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece, \n\nbDepartment of Pathology, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A M","family":"Kappas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDepartment of Surgery, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece, \n\nbDepartment of Pathology, Ioannina University Medical School, 45 110 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(64)80356-5"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.18004318012","article-title":"Significance of the gastric mucosa in oesophagus.","volume":"43","author":"Wyndham","year":"1956","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01072320"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.1973.12096670","article-title":"Macroscopically demonstrated heterotopic gastric mucosa in the duodenum.","volume":"8","author":"Johansen","year":"1973","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/40.2.190","article-title":"Heterotopic gastric and esophageal tissue in the vermiform appendix.","volume":"40","author":"Droga","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/55.5.604","article-title":"Heterotopic gastric epithelium in the rectum: a report of three new cases and review of 87 cases of gastric heterotopia in the alimentary canal.","volume":"55","author":"Wolff","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.7","first-page":"596","article-title":"Case of polypus of gallbladder containing gastric mucosa membrane tissue.","volume":"74","author":"Egyedi","year":"1934","journal-title":"Gyogyaszat"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.8","first-page":"209","article-title":"Gallbladder with ectopic gastric mucosa: ultrastructural analysis.","volume":"102","author":"Runge","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.9","first-page":"138","article-title":"Heterotopia of gastric mucosa and liver involving the gallbladder: report of two cases with literature review.","volume":"116","author":"Boyle","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.10","first-page":"1488","article-title":"Heterotopic gastric mucosa in a gallbladder with an anomalous union of the pancreatobiliary duct: a case report.","volume":"45","author":"Wakiyama","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepato-Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2025090723302174000_48.5.719.11","unstructured":"Scott HS (1989) Gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tree. 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