{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:25:26Z","timestamp":1789586726644,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2001,4,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND AIMS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Duration of gluten exposure seems to predispose adolescents with coeliac disease to autoimmune diseases. In a retrospective cohort study, we assessed the relationship between autoimmune disorders and actual gluten exposure in patients in whom coeliac disease was diagnosed in adult life (\u2a7e16 years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We screened for the presence of autoimmunity in 605 controls (16\u201384 years) and 422 patients (16\u201384 years), all of whom had been on gluten withdrawal for at least one year (median follow up 9.5 years). A logistic regression analysis, setting the prevalence of autoimmunity as the dependent variable, was employed to control for independent covariates as predictors of the risk of autoimmunity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of autoimmunity was threefold higher (p&lt;0.00001) in patients than in controls. Mean duration of gluten exposure was 31.2 and 32.6 years for patients with or without autoimmunity. Logistic regression showed that increased age at diagnosis of coeliac disease was related to the prevalence of autoimmune disease while \u201cactual gluten exposure\u201d which takes into account diet compliance, follow up, and age at diagnosis of autoimmune disorders were not predictive for the risk of developing autoimmune diseases (odds ratio 0.82 per year).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of autoimmune diseases in patients with a late coeliac disease diagnosis does not correlate with duration of gluten intake. Early exposure to gluten may modify the immunological response. Gluten withdrawal does not protect patients with a late diagnosis from autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.49.4.502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T06:37:51Z","timestamp":1027751871000},"page":"502-505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":187,"title":["Duration of gluten exposure in adult coeliac disease does not correlate with the risk for autoimmune disorders"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Sategna Guidetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"aDipartimento di Medicna Interna, Universit\u00e0 di Torino, Italy, \n\nbUOA Laboratorio Analisi chimico-cliniche Baldi & Riberi, Azienda Ospedaliera, S Giovanni Battista, Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Solerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"aDipartimento di Medicna Interna, Universit\u00e0 di Torino, Italy, 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