{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:16:52Z","timestamp":1793236612578,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      IL-is important in gastric damage, mucosal repair and gastric cancer progression. We analysed IL-11 expression in\n                      <jats:italic>H.pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infected mouse stomach, the site of gastric IL-11 expression in mice and humans, and the effect of exogenous IL-11 on gastric mucosal homeostasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IL-11 protein was localised in mouse and human stomach. The impact of chronic, exogenous IL-11 on normal mouse stomach was examined histologically and transcriptionally by microarray, confirmed by mRNA and protein analysis. Functional impact of IL-11 on gastric acid secretion was determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In mice infected with\n                      <jats:italic>H.pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      , IL-11 was increased in fundic mucosa with temporal expression similar to IL-1b. IL-11 protein was localised predominantly to parietal cells in mouse and human stomach. Application of exogenous IL-11 to resulted in fundic parietal and chief cell loss, hyperplasia, mucous cell metaplasia and inflammation. Coincident with cellular changes were an increased gastric pH, altered parietal cell ultrastructure and altered gene expression, particularly genes involved in immune response and ion transport which could result in compromised acid secretion. We confirmed that a single dose of IL-11 effectively ablated the gastric response to histamine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      IL-11 is a parietal cell cytokine that blocks gastric acid secretion, likely via reducing expression of parietal cell ion transport genes, CCKb and histamine H2 receptors. IL-11 expression is increased in\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infected mouse stomach and treatment of wild type mice with IL-11 induced changes in the gastric fundic mucosa reminiscent of chronic atrophic gastritis, a precursor to gastric cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,17]],"date-time":"2011-12-17T01:41:30Z","timestamp":1324086090000},"page":"1398-1409","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["IL-11 is a parietal cell cytokine that induces atrophic gastritis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Meegan","family":"Howlett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather V","family":"Chalinor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon N","family":"Buzzelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nhung","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio 21 Molecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian R","family":"van Driel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio 21 Molecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina M","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James G","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3MIT, Department of Comparative Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Dimitriadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Prince Henrys Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevelyan R","family":"Menheniott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew S","family":"Giraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"5Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise M","family":"Judd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"5Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-2-37"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(03)00360-5"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.03.037"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.4","first-page":"301","article-title":"The biological model of gastric carcinogenesis","volume":"157","author":"Correa","year":"2004","journal-title":"IARC Sci Publ"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3700060"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00157-4"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2006.12.011"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-5378.2003.00135.x"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.37043"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-005-0439-7"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.11","first-page":"4823","article-title":"High-salt diet induces gastric epithelial hyperplasia and parietal cell loss, and enhances Helicobacter pylori colonization in C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"59","author":"Fox","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2002.tb01209.x"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V90.6.2148","article-title":"Adult mice with targeted mutation of the interleukin-11 receptor (IL11Ra) display normal hematopoiesis","volume":"90","author":"Nandurkar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(98)80005-1"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000303100202","article-title":"Expression of interleukin 6 and its receptor in human gastric and colorectal cancers","volume":"31","author":"Matsuo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2009.07.009"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.12.003"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2218"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.M600170-MCP200"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.20","first-page":"825","article-title":"Expression of interleukin-11 (IL-11) and IL-11 receptor alpha in human gastric carcinoma and IL-11 upregulates the invasive activity of human gastric carcinoma cells","volume":"30","author":"Nakayama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.21","first-page":"437","article-title":"Expression of p-STAT3 in human gastric carcinoma: significant correlation in tumour invasion and prognosis","volume":"30","author":"Yakata","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.11.2399"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tig.2003.11.003"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2479"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.06.068"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.26","first-page":"1727","article-title":"STAT3 and STAT1 mediate IL-11-dependent and inflammation-associated gastric tumorigenesis in gp130 receptor mutant mice","volume":"118","author":"Ernst","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.2.189"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2003.10.066"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1811"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.12.012"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6518","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i41.6518","article-title":"Effects of Helicobacter pylori eradication on atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a 3-year follow-up study","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2005.12.013"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.5858\/2008-132-1586-PATTPD","article-title":"Practical approach to the pathologic diagnosis of gastritis","volume":"132","author":"Sepulveda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70453-1"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00382.2006"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn224"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Article 3","DOI":"10.2202\/1544-6115.1027","article-title":"Linear models and empirical bayes methods for assessing differential expression in microarray experiments","volume":"3","author":"Smyth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth088"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.04.016"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0912678107"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.41","first-page":"32","article-title":"Helicobacter infection, chronic inflammation, and the development of malignancy","volume":"21","author":"Crowe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920207783406460"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00899-0"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1868"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e328331b62a"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-002-0606-z"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.47","first-page":"2459","article-title":"Hip1r is expressed in gastric parietal cells and is required for tubulovesicle formation and cell survival in mice","volume":"118","author":"Jain","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.044396"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800616105"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780135","article-title":"Recombinant human interleukin-11 modulates ion transport and mucosal inflammation in the small intestine and colon","volume":"80","author":"Greenwood-Van Meerveld","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI1249"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.63.1.119"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.53","first-page":"G545","article-title":"Protective effects of interleukin-11 in a murine model of ischemic bowel necrosis","volume":"272","author":"Du","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26070","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35718-1","article-title":"Selective expression of trypsin fusion genes in acinar cells of the pancreas and stomach of transgenic mice","volume":"267","author":"Davis","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0897719042000201659"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.37052"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11248-005-7215-z"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-397"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.02700"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.60","first-page":"33","article-title":"Interleukin-11 prevents apoptosis and accelerates recovery of small intestinal mucosa in mice treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation","volume":"75","author":"Orazi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70361-1"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.31902"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.09.015"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.90338.2008"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.65","first-page":"G559","article-title":"Secretagogue-specific effects of interleukin-1 on gastric acid secretion","volume":"261","author":"Wallace","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.382"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2008.10.011"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.10.043"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00406-2"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3340297"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199808)41:8<1388::AID-ART7>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.72","unstructured":"Keith JC Jr Albert L Sonis ST . IL-11, a pleiotropic cytokine: exciting new effects of IL-11 on gastrointestinal mucosal biology. Stem Cells 1994;12 Suppl 1:79\u201389; discussion 89\u201390."},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020422900511","article-title":"Interleukin-11 inhibits NF-kappaB and AP-1 activation in islets and prevents diabetes induced with streptozotocin in mice","volume":"229","author":"Lgssiar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.12.2333"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345864"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)00282-8"},{"key":"2025112109185642000_61.10.1398.77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3627","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.8.3627","article-title":"Recombinant human IL-11 attenuates the inflammatory response through down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine release and nitric oxide production","volume":"157","author":"Trepicchio","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["Gut"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300539","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:19:07Z","timestamp":1763745547000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300539"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,16]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300539","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.716497813.791902820","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0017-5749","1468-3288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-5749","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-3288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,16]]}}}