{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T22:35:02Z","timestamp":1793658902999,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) cells have a selective preference for certain target organs that cannot be explained by circulatory patterns alone. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological features and chromosomal aberrations of primary tumours associated with organ-specific CRC metastasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinicopathological features were investigated in patients with CRC who had exclusively hepatic (n=182) versus exclusively extrahepatic (n=139) metastases. A total of 139 primary tumours of patients with hepatic (n=85) and extrahepatic metastases (n=54) were screened for chromosomal aberrations by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridisation, and the findings were validated in an independent set of 80 primary tumours. A publicly available database was used to correlate chromosomal aberrations with gene expression. Protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with hepatic metastases were significantly more often male (71% vs 53% p=0.002), more often had abnormal lactate dehydrogenase activity (37% vs 14% p&lt;0.0001), exhibited primary tumour localisation in the colon (52% vs 40% p=0.03) and had synchronous onset of metastases (70% vs 19% p&lt;0.0001). Primary tumours of patients with hepatic metastases were more commonly T3 tumours (79% vs 63% p=0.006) and less commonly of mucinous histology (5% vs 16% p=0.02). Gain of 20p11 was more often observed in patients with hepatic metastases (p&lt;0.05), which was confirmed in an independent dataset (p&lt;0.05; false discovery rate &lt;0.05). Twelve genes mapping at 20p11 were significantly overexpressed as a consequence of 20p11 copy number gain.\n                      <jats:italic>C20orf3<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed the strongest correlation between RNA expression and DNA copy number. This was reflected in significantly higher protein expression in patients with hepatic metastases (59%; n=325) than in those with extrahepatic metastases (41%; n=256) (p=0.01).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>C20orf3<\/jats:italic>\n                      mapping at 20p11 is associated with hepatic-specific metastasis in patients with CRC. This gene is a candidate biomarker for liver metastases and may be of clinical value in early-stage CRC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,21]],"date-time":"2012-01-21T01:42:39Z","timestamp":1327110159000},"page":"94-101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Chromosome 20p11 gains are associated with liver-specific metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"62","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00312000","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"},{"clinical-trial-number":"nct00208546","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Leonie J M","family":"Mekenkamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josien C","family":"Haan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Koopman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Elisa","family":"Vink-B\u00f6rger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dani\u00eblle","family":"Israeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Teerenstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Health Technology Assessment, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bauke","family":"Ylstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerrit A","family":"Meijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornelis J A","family":"Punt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iris D","family":"Nagtegaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025112111363230000_62.1.94.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-007-9111-x"},{"key":"2025112111363230000_62.1.94.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/415530a"},{"key":"2025112111363230000_62.1.94.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.7147"},{"key":"2025112111363230000_62.1.94.4","first-page":"287","article-title":"[Long-term results of surgical therapy of colon cancer. 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