{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T02:19:58Z","timestamp":1794277198795,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a treatable form of chronic pancreatitis that has been increasingly recognised over the last decade. We set out to better understand the current burden of AIP at several academic institutions diagnosed using the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria, and to describe long-term outcomes, including organs involved, treatments, relapse frequency and long-term sequelae.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>23 institutions from 10 different countries participated in this multinational analysis. A total of 1064 patients meeting the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for type 1 (n=978) or type 2 (n=86) AIP were included. Data regarding treatments, relapses and sequelae were obtained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of patients with type 1 (99%) and type 2 (92%) AIP who were treated with steroids went into clinical remission. Most patients with jaundice required biliary stent placement (71% of type 1 and 77% of type 2 AIP). Relapses were more common in patients with type 1 (31%) versus type 2 AIP (9%, p&lt;0.001), especially those with IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (56% vs 26%, p&lt;0.001). Relapses typically occurred in the pancreas or biliary tree. Retreatment with steroids remained effective at inducing remission with or without alternative treatment, such as azathioprine. Pancreatic duct stones and cancer were uncommon sequelae in type 1 AIP and did not occur in type 2 AIP during the study period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AIP is a global disease which uniformly displays a high response to steroid treatment and tendency to relapse in the pancreas and biliary tree. Potential long-term sequelae include pancreatic duct stones and malignancy, however they were uncommon during the study period and require additional follow-up. Additional studies investigating prevention and treatment of disease relapses are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]],"date-time":"2012-12-11T23:33:55Z","timestamp":1355268835000},"page":"1771-1776","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":518,"title":["Long-term outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis: a multicentre, international analysis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Phil A","family":"Hart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terumi","family":"Kamisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R","family":"Brugge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, GI Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Bock","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma L","family":"Culver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Czak\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Frulloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Biomedical and Surgical Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vay Liang W","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Excellence in Pancreatic Disease, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M","family":"Gress","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infectiology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung-Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeyuki","family":"Kawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health, Safety and Environmental Management, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyu Taek","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus M","family":"Lerch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Chih","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"L\u00f6hr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuichi","family":"Okazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Kon","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Schleinitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tooru","family":"Shimosegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roy","family":"Soetikno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University College Hospital, London, 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Prognosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis in Terms of Glucose 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