{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:28:06Z","timestamp":1793212086846,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Information on the safety of paternal use of azathioprine (AZA) and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) prior to conception is limited. Based on nationwide data from the Danish health registries, we examined the association between paternal use of AZA\/6-MP within 3\u2005months before conception and adverse birth outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nationwide cohort study is based on data from all singletons born in Denmark from 1 January 1997 through 2013. Children fathered by men who used AZA\/6-MP within 3\u2005months before conception constituted the exposed cohort (N=699), and children fathered by men who did not use AZA\/6-MP 3\u2005months prior to conception constituted the unexposed cohort (N=1\u2005012\u2005624). The outcomes were congenital abnormalities (CAs), preterm birth and small for gestational age (SGA). We adjusted for multiple covariates and performed a restricted analysis of men with IBD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were no significantly increased risks of CAs, preterm birth or SGA in exposed versus unexposed cohorts of children. The adjusted ORs were 0.82 (95% CI 0.53 to 1.28) for CAs, 1.17 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.92) for preterm birth and 1.38 (95% CI 0.76 to 2.51) for SGA. Restricting our analysis to fathers with IBD showed similar results with no significantly increased risk of adverse birth outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nationwide study is the largest to date, examining the effect of preconceptual paternal use of AZA\/6-MP on birth outcomes in live born singletons. The results of no significantly increased risks of adverse birth outcomes are reassuring and support the continuation of paternal AZA\/6-MP treatment during conception.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,25]],"date-time":"2016-07-25T22:43:56Z","timestamp":1469486636000},"page":"1761-1766","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Reassuring results on birth outcomes in children fathered by men treated with azathioprine\/6-mercaptopurine within 3\u2005months before conception: a nationwide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"B M","family":"N\u00f8rg\u00e5rd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Crohn's and Colitis, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Magnussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0623-2481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M D","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Friedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, and Research Unit of Clinical 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