{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T03:23:25Z","timestamp":1793330605796,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Gut"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients infected with\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      develop chronic gastritis with a subgroup progressing to further complications. The role of microbiota from the oral cavity swallowed with saliva and either transiting the stomach or persisting in the gastric mucosa is uncertain. It is also not known whether the bacterial community differs in luminal and mucosal niches. A key question is whether\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      influences the bacterial communities of gastroduodenal niches.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Saliva, gastric and duodenal aspirates as well as gastric and duodenal biopsies were collected during oesophagogastroduodenoscopy from 24 patients (m:9, f:15, mean age 52.2\u00b1SD 14.5\u2005years). RNA was extracted and the V1\u2013V2 region of the retrotranscribed bacterial 16S rRNA amplified and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Overall, 687 bacterial phylotypes that belonged to 95 genera and 11 phyla were observed. Each individual comprised a unique microbiota composition that was consistent across the different niches. However, the stomach fluid enriched for specific microbiota components.\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp were shown to dominate the mucosa-associated community in the stomach, and to significantly influence duodenal and oral communities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The detailed analysis of the active global bacterial communities from the five distinct sites of the upper GI tract allowed for the first time the differentiation between host effects and the influence of sampling region on the bacterial community. The influence of\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp on the global community structures is striking.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,5]],"date-time":"2016-12-05T22:15:48Z","timestamp":1480976148000},"page":"216-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":187,"title":["The active bacterial assemblages of the upper GI tract in individuals with and without\n                    <i>Helicobacter<\/i>\n                    infection"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Schulz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany"},{"name":"Microbial Interactions and Processes (MINP) Research 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Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa L","family":"Wos-Oxley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Interactions and Processes (MINP) Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P A","family":"Oxley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Interactions and Processes (MINP) Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany"},{"name":"Molecular Sciences Laboratory, SARDI Aquatic Sciences, West Beach, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Vital","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbial Interactions and Processes (MINP) Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, 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