{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T19:52:38Z","timestamp":1757620358625,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heart Asia"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) is a costly but effective treatment modality for the prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Causes of SCD are age-dependent, disease-specific and affected by racial\/ethnic differences. Atherosclerotic heart disease (ASHD) is the most frequent underlying disease in individuals \u226535 years old. Available information suggests that Asians have a lower rate of SCD compared with African black individuals and Caucasians. Whether it is for secondary or for primary prevention, physicians should be educated to perform a thorough diagnostic work-up and be able to identify transient and\/or reversible causes of lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias such as acute myocardial infarction, residual ischaemia, electrolyte imbalance, adverse effect of drugs, valvular heart diseases, etc before contemplating AICD implantation. Correction of these reversible causes may avoid the necessity of AICD implantation. The status of left ventricular function is not sufficiently specific for guiding AICD implantation in ASHD patients after acute myocardial infarction. The urgent need is to develop better biological or physiological markers for risk stratification so that patients who would actually benefit from AICD implantation can be readily identified. Such an approach will make the use of AICD more cost-effective. Based on molecular genetic data obtained from patients with inherited structural cardiovascular diseases and malignant arrhythmogenic disorders in which the risk of SCD appears to be gene- and\/or mutant-specific, a continuous search for genetic markers for better risk stratification is warranted in patients suffering from ASHD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/ha.2009.000828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T17:26:41Z","timestamp":1756056401000},"page":"47-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Practice viewpoints: AICD, who and when?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"R J","family":"Sung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N-Y","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.7.809"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960220709"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00194-1"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.577262"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)01208-0"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.742155"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCUALTIONAHA.108.189741"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.99.11.1416"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.743963"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043938"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.11","unstructured":"Gillis AM Sheldon RS Exner DV . Sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias following ICD implantation\u2014lower event rates in patients in patients receiving ICD for primary prophylaxis of sudden cardiac death [abstract]. Heart Rhythm 2004;(1 Suppl):S43."},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041489"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4301.098254"},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.14","unstructured":"Hawaii Department of Health. Hawaii health survey 2001. Honolulu: Hawaii Department of Health, 2002."},{"key":"2025090722465720000_1.1.47.15","unstructured":"Chang WT Chen WJ Chien KL . Sudden death in Taiwan: ten-year follow-up in Chin-Shan Community Cardiovascular Cohort (CCCC) study. The 5th International Conference on Preventive Cardiology (ICPC) jointly with the 4th International Heart Health Conference (IHHC). 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