{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T10:11:44Z","timestamp":1759831904456,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heart"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Insulin resistance (IR) is implicated as an independent risk factor for vascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of family history (FH) of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and\/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) on the associations between IR, low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and subclinical atherosclerosis (common and internal carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT)) in healthy European adults.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Participants (n=1048) in the Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular disease (RISC) study were grouped according to family history of: (i) type 2 diabetes (FH-T2DM); (ii) cardiovascular disease (FH-CVD); (iii) both (FH-BOTH); or (iv) neither (CON). Insulin resistance (M-value, hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp), LDL-C and IMT were examined in relation to FH in all available participants, and then within subcohorts (highest quintiles) with higher LDL-C (&gt;3.5\u2005mmol\/l (&gt;135\u2005mg\/dl), n=252) or greater IR (M-value&lt;5\u2005mg\/min\/kg, n=299).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Carotid IMTs were comparable across the four FH groups, but insulin sensitivity (M-value) was lower (p&lt;0.01) in FH-T2DM (6.1\u00b12.6\u2005mg\/min\/kg than in either CON (6.9\u00b12.9\u2005mg\/min\/kg) or FH-CVD (7.1\u00b12.7\u2005mg\/min\/kg). Within the highest LDL-C quintile, those with FH-CVD (or FH-BOTH) had higher common and internal carotid IMT (6\u201312%, p&lt;0.05 vs CON). In contrast, within the most IR quintile, FH-CVD was not associated with IMT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this cross-sectional analysis, family history of T2DM (but not of CVD) was associated with IR. In the presence of elevated LDL-C, FH-CVD (but not FH-T2DM) was associated with increased carotid IMT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2009.177436","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,16]],"date-time":"2010-07-16T04:55:29Z","timestamp":1279256129000},"page":"1191-1200","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Impact of family history on relations between insulin resistance, LDL cholesterol and carotid IMT in healthy 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