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In all 3 patients verapamil prevented slow pathway conduction at AMA2 values less than the refractory period of the fast pathway thus preventing the resumption of conduction at close atrial coupling intervals and abolishing the gap phenomenon.","journal-title":"et al; Zipes and Fischer, 1974). In all 3 patients verapamil prevented slow pathway conduction at AMA2 values less than the refractory period of the fast pathway thus preventing the resumption of conduction at close atrial coupling intervals and abolishing the gap phenomenon"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"Anterograde gap phenomena produced by block distal to the AV node are generally masked by fast basic pacing rates and by drugs such as betablockers (Wit","author":"Akhtar","year":"1970","unstructured":"Anterograde gap phenomena produced by block distal to the AV node are generally masked by fast basic pacing rates and by drugs such as betablockers (Wit et al., 1970a; Akhtar et al., 1974a) and verapamil which increase AV nodal functional refractoriness. These manoeuvres cannot, therefore, be used to distinguish gap phenomena related to AV nodal duality from those produced by inhomogeneous refractoriness along the length of a single AV nodal-His Purkinje pathway.","journal-title":"et al; and verapamil which increase AV nodal functional refractoriness. These manoeuvres cannot, therefore, be used to distinguish gap phenomena related to AV nodal duality from those produced by inhomogeneous refractoriness along the length of a single AV nodal-His Purkinje pathway"},{"key":"ref_3","author":"Agha, A.S.; Befeler, B.; Castellanos, A.M.; Sung, R.J.; Castillo, C.S.; Myerbury, R.J.; Castellanos, A.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Agha, A. S., Befeler, B., Castellanos, A. M., Sung, R. J., Castillo, C. S., Myerbury, R. J., and Castellanos, A. 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