{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:20:36Z","timestamp":1791825636957,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heart"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE--To assess the clinical, functional state, and complications late (15-20 years) after palliative Mustard operation. DESIGN--Examination and evaluation of all patients presenting in adolescence and adult life after palliative Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries and pulmonary vascular disease. SETTING--Grown-up Congenital Heart Unit specialised in the care of adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease, designated as having \"quaternary\" status within a tertiary referral centre for cardiac diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS--Database searched for patients referred after palliative Mustard for classic transposition of the great arteries. Ten patients aged 18-31 (mean (SD) 25.9 (5.2)) years with a palliative Mustard operation performed at age 1.7-15 (mean (SD) 9 (4.6)) years were fully evaluated by echocardiography, exercise testing, Holter monitoring, and magnetic resonance imaging or radionuclide ventriculography, or both 15-20 years later. RESULTS--One patient died aged 25 years with biventricular failure (ability index 3\/4), haemoptysis, and atrial flutter, eight were well (ability index 2), and one disabled (ability index 3). Arterial oxygen saturation at rest was 85-98% (mean (SD) 93.8 (4)%) decreasing to 59-87% (mean 77 (9.5)%) after limited exercise. Symptomatic arrhythmias occurred in four patients, atrial flutter being the most common, and two had sinus node dysfunction. Significant tricuspid regurgitation occurred in four patients. CONCLUSION--Patients with palliative Mustard operation have a low incidence of symptomatic ventricular dysfunction and despite exercise limitation by hypoxia, continue to live active, near normal lives until their thirties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.75.1.72","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,18]],"date-time":"2007-09-18T17:46:00Z","timestamp":1190137560000},"page":"72-77","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Palliative Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries: late results after 15-20 years."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Sagin-Saylam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Somerville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)41959-4","article-title":"The Mustard operation as a palliative procedure","volume":"63","author":"Lindesmith, G.G.; Stiles, Q.R.; Tucker, B.L.; Gallaher, M.E.; Stanton, R.E.; Meyer, B.W.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Lindesmith GG, Stiles QR, Tucker BL, Gallaher ME, Stanton RE, Meyer BW. 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An assessment of Mustard's operation as a palliative procedure for transposition of the great vessels. Ann Thorac Surg 1975;19:514-20."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)37217-4","article-title":"Palliative repair of transposition of the great arteries with criss-cross heart: ventricular septal defect and hypoplastic right (systemic) ventricle","volume":"83","author":"Dunn, J.M.; Donner, R.; Black, I.; Balsara, R.K.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Dunn JM, Donner R, Black I, Balsara RK. Palliative repair of transposition of the great arteries with criss-cross heart: ventricular septal defect and hypoplastic right (systemic) ventricle. 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Br Heart Jf 1986;56:535-43.","journal-title":"Br Heart Jf"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)91176-9","article-title":"Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with echocardiography and radionuclide angiography in assessing cardiac function and anatomy following Mustard's operation for transposition of the great arteries","volume":"61","author":"Rees, S.; Somerville, J.; Warnes, C.; Underwood, R.; Firmin, D.; Klipstein, R.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rees S, Somerville J, Warnes C, Underwood R, Firmin D, Klipstein R, et al. Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging with echocardiography and radionuclide angiography in assessing cardiac function and anatomy following Mustard's operation for transposition of the great arteries. 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