{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:02:46Z","timestamp":1791360166241,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Charles University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Cooperation project Maternal and Childhood Care (N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Cooperation project Maternal and Childhood Care (N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["international-journal-of-gynecological-cancer.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Gynecological Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]],"date-time":"2022-12-29T22:25:15Z","timestamp":1672352715000},"page":"285-292","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Avascular spaces in radical hysterectomy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9175-7767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ignacio","family":"Zapardiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Ceccaroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7648-5604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"Minig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Halaska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e180","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30488-7","article-title":"Global burden of cancer attributable to infections in 2018: a worldwide incidence analysis","volume":"8","author":"de Martel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0015","author":"NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cervical cancer version 1"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000001216","article-title":"The European Society of gynaecological Oncology\/European Society for radiotherapy and Oncology\/European Society of pathology guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer","volume":"28","author":"Cibula","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0025","first-page":"169","article-title":"The extended abdominal operation for carcinoma uteri (based on 500 operative cases)","volume":"66","author":"Wertheim","year":"1912","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Dis Women Child"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0030","first-page":"689","article-title":"Klinisches und Anatomisches Zur Radikaloperation des Geb\u00e4rmutterkrebses","volume":"34","author":"Latzko","year":"1919","journal-title":"Zbl Gyn\u00e4kol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0035","first-page":"335","article-title":"Radical abdominal hysterectomy for cancer of the cervix uteri","volume":"33","author":"Okabayashi","year":"1921","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0040","first-page":"195","article-title":"Carcinoma of the cervix - the Wertheim operation","volume":"78","author":"Meigs","year":"1944","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70084-X","article-title":"Fertility-Sparing surgery in patients with cervical cancer","volume":"12","author":"Rob","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.12.419","article-title":"Pattern analysis of regional spread and therapeutic lymph node dissection in cervical cancer based on ontogenetic anatomy","volume":"125","author":"H\u00f6ckel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2003.09.017","article-title":"State of the art\u2019 of radical hysterectomy; current practice in European oncology centres","volume":"40","author":"Trimbos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.07.055","article-title":"Laparoscopically assisted radical vaginal hysterectomy vs. radical abdominal hysterectomy for cervical cancer: a match controlled study","volume":"95","author":"Jackson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318256ccc5","article-title":"Laparoscopic compared with open radical hysterectomy in obese women with early-stage cervical cancer","volume":"119","author":"Park","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1111\/IGC.0b013e3181da29d0","article-title":"A prospective study of postoperative lymphedema after surgery for cervical cancer","volume":"20","author":"Halaska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2009.06.009","article-title":"The lymphatic drainage of the uterine cervix in adult fresh cadavers: anatomy and surgical implications","volume":"36","author":"Ercoli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.04.016","article-title":"Study of lymphatic mapping and sentinel node identification in early stage cervical cancer","volume":"98","author":"Rob","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1996.0184","article-title":"Lymphatic spread of cervical cancer: an anatomical and pathological study based on 225 radical hysterectomies with systematic pelvic and aortic lymphadenectomy","volume":"62","author":"Benedetti-Panici","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-003-0137-7","article-title":"Classical and nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: an evaluation of the risk of injury to the autonomous pelvic nerves","volume":"25","author":"Ercoli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-007-0195-3","article-title":"Systematization of the vesical and uterovaginal efferences of the female inferior hypogastric plexus (pelvic): applications to pelvic surgery on women patients","volume":"29","author":"Mauroy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2000.5919","article-title":"Identification and preservation of the motoric innervation of the bladder in radical hysterectomy type III","volume":"79","author":"Possover","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.07.020","article-title":"Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer: evolution of concepts","volume":"107","author":"Raspagliesi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.06.025","article-title":"Prognostic difference of surgical treatment of exophytic versus barrel-shaped bulky cervical cancer","volume":"95","author":"Trimbos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1999.5723","article-title":"Radical hysterectomy: an anatomic evaluation of parametrial dissection","volume":"77","author":"Yabuki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1996.0251","article-title":"A new proposal for radical hysterectomy","volume":"62","author":"Yabuki","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0125","author":"Yabuki","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2020.31.e49","article-title":"Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy in the precision surgery for cervical cancer","volume":"31","author":"Sakuragi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.08.076","article-title":"Anatomic identification and functional outcomes of the nerve sparing Okabayashi radical hysterectomy","volume":"107","author":"Fujii","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90614-W","article-title":"Dissection of the cardinal ligament in radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer with emphasis on the lateral ligament","volume":"164","author":"Yabuki","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.01.048","article-title":"Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: a surgical technique for preserving the autonomic hypogastric nerve","volume":"93","author":"Raspagliesi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-00009577-200105000-00003","article-title":"A nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: guidelines and feasibility in Western patients","volume":"11","author":"Trimbos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2020-001607","article-title":"Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy-Muallem technique with explanation of parametrium and paracolpium anatomy","volume":"31","author":"Muallem","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.12.014","article-title":"Type II versus type III Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: comparison of lower urinary tract dysfunctions","volume":"102","author":"Raspagliesi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.04.029","article-title":"New classification system of radical hysterectomy: emphasis on a three-dimensional anatomic template for parametrial resection","volume":"122","author":"Cibula","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70074-3","article-title":"Classification of radical hysterectomy","volume":"9","author":"Querleu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-017-6031-z","article-title":"2017 update on the Querleu\u2013Morrow classification of radical hysterectomy","volume":"24","author":"Querleu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-003531","article-title":"Simplified anatomical nomenclature of lateral female pelvic spaces","volume":"32","author":"Querleu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22579","article-title":"Clinical anatomy of the subserous layer: an amalgamation of gross and clinical anatomy","volume":"29","author":"Yabuki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s004640000194","article-title":"Corona mortis: an anatomic study in seven cadavers and an endoscopic study in 28 patients","volume":"15","author":"Berbero\u011flu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0195","first-page":"431","author":"Clemente","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0200","volume":"342","author":"Peham","year":"1934"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0205","author":"Okabayashi","year":"1952"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0210","author":"Fujii","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.02.108","article-title":"Discrepancies between classic anatomy and modern gynecologic surgery on pelvic connective tissue structure: harmonization of those concepts by collaborative cadaver dissection","volume":"193","author":"Yabuki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688808100904","article-title":"The 'Holy Plane' of rectal surgery","volume":"81","author":"Heald","year":"1988","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.12.019","article-title":"Parametrial dissection during laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: a new approach aims to improve patients' postoperative quality of life","volume":"202","author":"Ceccaroni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(77)90032-4","article-title":"Preservation of the ureteral branches of the uterine artery in radical hysterectomy","volume":"5","author":"Fumiwara","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.07.041","article-title":"Precise anatomy of the vesico-uterine ligament for radical hysterectomy","volume":"104","author":"Fujii","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.02.034","article-title":"Robotic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy: feasibility and technique","volume":"121","author":"Magrina","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0245","first-page":"278","article-title":"Cardinal ligament dissection based on a new theory","volume":"2","author":"Yabuki","year":"1997","journal-title":"CEM J Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3552(98)80012-6","article-title":"10 operative anatomy and technique of radical parametrial resection in the surgical treatment of cervical cancer","volume":"2","author":"Lichtenegger","year":"1988","journal-title":"Bailli\u00e8re's Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0255","author":"Yabuki","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0260","author":"Yabuki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anatomy of the pelvis for radical hysterectomy; does extensive resection of the vagina result in severer bladder dysfunction?"},{"key":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071_bb0265","author":"Fujii","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Gynecological Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1048891X2400923X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1048891X2400923X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T01:28:54Z","timestamp":1753234134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1048891X2400923X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1048891X2400923X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071","relation":{},"ISSN":["1048-891X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1048-891X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Avascular spaces in radical hysterectomy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004071","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2023 IGCS and ESGO 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}