{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:16:38Z","timestamp":1787494598688,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020175","name":"National Collaborative on Gun Violence Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020175","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005217","name":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R49\/CE19-003092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R49\/CE19-003092"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of North Carolina Graduate School","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with suicidal ideation, yet it remains unclear how often IPV precipitates suicide mortality. To overcome limitations with national data, we applied novel methods to: (1) document the prevalence of IPV-related suicide in the USA and (2) identify correlates for IPV-related suicide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using National Violent Death Reporting System data (NVDRS, 2015\u20132019, n=1\u200930\u2009550), we recorded IPV circumstances (yes\/no) by leveraging prior textual reviews of death narratives and applying a validated natural language processing tool. We could not systematically differentiate IPV perpetration versus victimisation given limited details in NVDRS. Logistic regression compared IPV-related suicides with referent group suicides (no evidence of IPV), stratified by sex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>7.1% of suicides were IPV related (n=9210), most were isolated suicide events (82.8%, n=7625; ie, not homicide suicide). There were higher odds of IPV circumstances when the decedent had civil legal problems (aOR for men: 3.6 (3.3 to 3.9), aOR for women: 2.6 (2.2 to 3.2)), criminal legal problems (aOR men: 2.3 (2.2 to 2.5), aOR for women: 1.7 (1.4 to 2.1)), or used a firearm (aOR men: 1.9 (1.8 to 2.0), aOR for women: 1.9 (1.7 to 2.1)). There were lower odds of IPV circumstances when the decedent had a current mental health problem (aOR men: 0.7 (0.7 to 0.8), aOR for women: 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8)).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IPV circumstances contribute to a notable proportion of suicides. IPV-related suicides are distinct from other suicide deaths. Targeted suicide screening and intervention in IPV settings may be beneficial for prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip-2023-044976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T13:56:24Z","timestamp":1698760584000},"page":"125-131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Intimate partner violence and suicide mortality: a cross-sectional study using machine learning and natural language processing of suicide data from 43 states"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4973-2344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie M","family":"Kafka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Firearm Injury & Policy Research Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9038-5949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn Elizabeth","family":"Moracco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian W","family":"Pence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2823-7790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela J","family":"Trangenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Oakland, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3194-7171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mike Dolan","family":"Fliss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luz","family":"McNaughton Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"},{"name":"Injury Prevention Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.1","unstructured":"Leemis RW , Friar N , Khatiwada S , et al . The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey: 2016\/2017 report on intimate partner violence. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022."},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.2","unstructured":"Black MC , Basile KC , Breiding MJ , et al . National intimate partner and sexual violence survey: 2010 summary report. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011."},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1108\/MHRJ-08-2017-0028","article-title":"Mental health of perpetrators of intimate partner violence","volume":"23","author":"Sesar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ment Health Rev J"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5317","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260520961869","article-title":"\"I didn't really have anybody to turn to\": barriers to social support and the experiences of male perpetrators of intimate partner violence","volume":"37","author":"Hoskins","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Interpers Violence"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.VV-D-18-00128"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1037\/a0038207","article-title":"Self-report measures that do not produce gender parity in intimate partner violence: a multi-study investigation","volume":"6","author":"Hamby","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychology of Violence"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260508322192"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/1946-6560.8.2.190"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2018.04.050","article-title":"Premeditated versus \u201cpassionate\u201d: patterns of homicide related to intimate partner violence","volume":"230","author":"Carmichael","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-018-0252-8","article-title":"Suicide and additional homicides associated with intimate partner homicide: North Carolina 2004-2013","volume":"95","author":"Smucker","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Urban Health"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001439","article-title":"Intimate partner violence and incident depressive symptoms and suicide attempts: a systematic review of longitudinal studies","volume":"10","author":"Devries","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199711000-00016"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6722a1"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000084"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Examining intimate partner violence-related fatalities: past lessons and future directions using US national data","volume":"2023","author":"AbiNader","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fam Violence"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2022.101079","article-title":"Intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration as precursors to suicide","volume":"18","author":"Kafka","year":"2022","journal-title":"SSM Popul Health"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2021.09.018","article-title":"Intimate partner violence-related fatalities among US youth ages 0\u201324, 2014\u20132018","volume":"62","author":"Graham","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.18","first-page":"53","article-title":"Intimate partner problems and suicide: are we missing the violence","volume":"11","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Inj Violence Res"},{"key":"2025092602562653000_30.2.125.19","unstructured":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention . 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