{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:32:31Z","timestamp":1786116751467,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","funder":[{"name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Agency","award":["2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of mortality among children and adolescents. This study aimed to compare clinical characteristics and identify factors associated with severe RTIs based on types of road users among children and adolescents with RTIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective multicentre observational study was conducted using the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry in South Korea. A total of 78\u2009021 participants younger than 19 years who presented with RTIs to the participating emergency departments from 2011 to 2021 were classified into four groups: passengers, pedestrians, motorcyclists and bicyclists. Demographic and injury-related factors were analysed using a multivariate logistic regression model to determine associations with severe RTIs, as indicated by the Excess Mortality Ratio-based Injury Severity Score of \u226516. The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and severe RTIs among road users was compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Head injuries were most prevalent in passengers (55.3%), motorcyclists (46.7%) and bicyclists (50.1%). Motorcyclists exhibited the highest proportion of TBI (8.3%), total admissions (28.8%), ICU admissions (8.2%), severe RTIs (41.0%) and mortality (2.0%). Safety devices significantly reduced severe RTIs in passengers and motorcyclists (adjusted OR (95% CI) 0.77 (0.70 to 0.85) and 0.69 (0.62 to 0.76), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The distinct clinical characteristics and factors associated with severe RTIs among different road user types in children and adolescents highlight the need for targeted interventions. Tailoring strategies to the specific requirements of each group is essential for effectively mitigating the occurrence of severe RTIs in this vulnerable demographic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip-2024-045243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T03:00:13Z","timestamp":1731034813000},"page":"444-451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing road traffic injuries by types of road users among children and adolescents in South Korea, 2011\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Je Sun","family":"Yeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So Yeon","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Strategic Research, Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Rogaland, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paramedic Science, Korea National University of Transportation - Jeungpyeong Campus, Jeungpyeong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Min","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paramedic Science, Korea National University of Transportation - Jeungpyeong Campus, Jeungpyeong-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Hun","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Man","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwan Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Seok","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9377-4993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea (the Republic of)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080605200765000_32.3.444.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) . 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