{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:18:41Z","timestamp":1758845921150,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"BMJ","funder":[{"name":"Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health","award":["D43TW007267","D43TW009345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW007267","D43TW009345"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030990","name":"Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Rivara Endowment Injury Research Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Rivara Endowment Injury Research Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030990","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Road safety authorities in high-income countries use geospatial motor vehicle collision data for planning hazard reduction and intervention targeting. However, low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) rarely conduct such geospatial analyses due to a lack of data. Since 1991, Ghana has maintained a database of all collisions and is uniquely positioned to lead data-informed road injury prevention and control initiatives.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified and mapped geospatial patterns of hotspots of collisions, injuries, severe injuries and deaths using a well-known injury severity index with geographic information systems statistical methods (Getis-Ord Gi*).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified specific areas (4.66% of major roads in urban areas and 6.16% of major roads in rural areas) to target injury control. Key roads, including National Road 1 (from the border of Cote D\u2019Ivoire to the border of Togo) and National Road 6 (from Accra to Kumasi), have a significant concentration of high-risk roads.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A few key road sections are critical to target for injury prevention. We conduct a collaborative geospatial study to demonstrate the importance of addressing data and research gaps in LMICs and call for similar future research on targeting injury control and prevention efforts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip-2024-045270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]],"date-time":"2024-08-29T22:30:10Z","timestamp":1724970610000},"page":"ip-2024-045270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Geospatial analysis of injury severity on major roads in Ghana (2017\u20132020): implications for targeted injury prevention and control initiatives"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6425-3777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aldina","family":"Mesic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Global Injury Control Section, Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Damsere-Derry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Building and Road Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caryl","family":"Feldacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Larley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Building and Road Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Opoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Building and Road Research Institute, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Hardy","family":"Wuaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Road Safety Authority, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin Owusu","family":"Afram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Road Safety Authority, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Ekuban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghana Highway Authority, Accra, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen J","family":"Mooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Gyedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana"},{"name":"Directorate of Surgery, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles N","family":"Mock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Global Injury Control Section, Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela E","family":"Kitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Engineering, University of Washington, Tacoma, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brad H","family":"Wagenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4274-5890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxwell","family":"Osei-Ampofo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8099-9218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barclay T","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Injury Control Section, Harborview Injury Prevention & Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092506343766000_ip-2024-045270v1.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization . 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