{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T22:29:12Z","timestamp":1784759352787,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n George Floyd\u2019s death in 2020 galvanised large protests around the country, including the emergence of the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone (CHAZ) in Seattle, Washington, a non-policed, organised protest region that may have differing injury risks than other regions. We sought to quantitatively describe characteristics of injuries related to protests documented at visits to two nearby major emergency departments, including the only Level 1 trauma centre in the state.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code inclusion criteria, we identified 1938 unique patient visits across the two emergency departments from 29 May 2020 and 1 July 2020. We reviewed provider notes to identify keywords to determine if the visit was related to the CHAZ protest. We quantitatively described demographics and injury characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n We identified 48 injury visits related to the protest, with 25 from assault, 11 from crowd-control weapons and 8 from ground-level falls. Crowd-control weapons consisted of five visits from pepper spray, five from tear gas and a smaller number from flash-bang grenades, rubber bullets or other projectiles or a baton. In terms of body region injuries, 23 involved the head, 13 involved the knee and lower leg and 11 involved the thorax. Five patients required transfer to the operating room for surgery and admission and two died.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n The demonstrations during the CHAZ in Seattle in 2020 resulted in several violent injuries. Given the high proportion of assault and head injuries, these injury patterns can help prepare healthcare workers and first responders to plan care needs during protests.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip-2024-045396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]],"date-time":"2025-01-02T13:20:18Z","timestamp":1735824018000},"page":"ip-2024-045396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Protest-related injuries during the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone protest in Seattle, Washington, USA in 2020"],"prefix":"10.1136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3481-7855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony L","family":"Bui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia A","family":"Sleeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica E","family":"McDade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herbert C","family":"Duber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick P","family":"Rivara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA"},{"name":"Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dur\u00e1n RJ , Shroulote\u2010Dur\u00e1n CM . The racialized patterns of police violence: The critical importance of research as praxis. Sociol Compass 2021;15. doi:10.1111\/soc4.12912","DOI":"10.1111\/soc4.12912"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ssqu.12902"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40719-022-00228-2"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2025923"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-10859-w","article-title":"Health issues and healthcare utilization among adults who reported exposure to tear gas during 2020 Portland (OR) protests: a cross-sectional survey","volume":"21","author":"Torgrimson-Ojerio","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2032052"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/cpcem.2021.7.52885"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.8","unstructured":"Bush E . Timeline of demonstrations over the police killing of george floyd. Seattle Times; 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.seattletimes.com\/seattle-news\/timeline-of-demonstrations-over-the-police-killing-of-george-floyd\/"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.9","unstructured":"Burns K . The violent end of the capitol hill organized protest, explained. Vox; 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.vox.com\/policy-and-politics\/2020\/7\/2\/21310109\/chop-chaz-cleared-violence-explained"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.10","unstructured":"del Pozo B . Watch this protest turn from peaceful to violent in 60 seconds. New York Times; 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/interactive\/2020\/06\/26\/opinion\/blm-protests-police-violence.html"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.11","unstructured":"KING 5 Staff . 'Sheer terror': woman recalls getting hit in the face with rubber bullet during seattle protest. 2020. Available: https:\/\/www.king5.com\/article\/news\/local\/woman-recalls-getting-hit-in-the-face-with-rubber-bullet-during-protest\/281-747a524a-7163-4e24-82d1-86f556189ae2"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.12","unstructured":"Peha J . Council passes new version of less lethal weapons ban. Seattle City Council Blog; 2021. Available: https:\/\/council.seattle.gov\/2021\/08\/16\/council-passes-new-version-of-less-lethal-weapons-ban\/"},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.13","unstructured":"Washington State Senate Committee on Law & Justice . Senate bill report hb 2213. Washington State Senate Committee on Law & Justice; 2024."},{"key":"2025092502114140000_ip-2024-045396v1.14","unstructured":"[ Seattle City Government ]. Seattle Public Safety: Use Of Force, 2024. Available: https:\/\/data.seattle.gov\/Public-Safety\/Use-Of-Force\/ppi5-g2bj\/about_data"}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip-2024-045396","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T09:11:54Z","timestamp":1758791514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip-2024-045396"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip-2024-045396"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip-2024-045396","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]}}}