{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T13:17:22Z","timestamp":1758892642746,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVES: This study examined the attitudes of teenagers towards the New Zealand graduated driver licensing system (GDLS), and the extent to which it affected them. METHOD: Teenagers, who are members of a longitudinal study of a birth cohort, were interviewed at 15 years of age when the GDLS was first introduced and before they had begun licensure, and again at 18 years of age after they had experience with this licensing system. RESULTS: At both ages the majority (over 70%) agreed with the driving restrictions imposed by this system. After experience with the restrictions, however, significantly more reported being affected a lot by them, than had expected to be at age 15. This was especially true of the restrictions on the carrying of passengers and the night time curfew (10 pm - 5 am). However, few reported that they were affected by the alcohol restriction. Sixty eight per cent of those with a graduated licence reported breaking at least one of the conditions, most frequently carrying passengers. Very few were penalised by the police for this. CONCLUSIONS: Generally these young drivers were positively disposed towards the driving restrictions, but noncompliance was common. A full evaluation of all aspects of this licensing system is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.1.3.177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,4]],"date-time":"2008-10-04T14:27:03Z","timestamp":1223130423000},"page":"177-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["The New Zealand graduated driver licensing system: teenagers' attitudes towards and experiences with this car driver licensing system."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"D. J.","family":"Begg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. D.","family":"Langley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. I.","family":"Reeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. J.","family":"Chalmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]},"reference":[{"article-title":"New Zealand Health Information Service. Mortality and demographic data 1991","year":"1993","key":"ref_1","unstructured":"New Zealand Health Information Service. Mortality and demographic data 1991. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Health, 1993."},{"article-title":"New Zealand Health Information Service. Hospital and selected morbidity data 1992","year":"1993","key":"ref_2","unstructured":"New Zealand Health Information Service. Hospital and selected morbidity data 1992. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Health, 1993."},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"The injury fact book","author":"Baker, S.P.; O'Neill, B.; Ginsburg, M.J.; Guohoa, L.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Baker SP, O'Neill B, Ginsburg MJ, Guohoa L. The injury fact book. 2nd Ed. New York: Oxord University Press, 1992."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(83)90007-6","article-title":"Teenage drivers and motor vehicle deaths","volume":"15","author":"Karpf, R.S.; Williams, A.F.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Karpf RS, Williams AF. Teenage drivers and motor vehicle deaths. Accid Anal Prev 1983; 15: 55-63.","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"A study of road accident victims in New Zealand aged 13 to 18. (ACC Research Report Number 104.) Petone","author":"Bailey, J.P.M.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Bailey JPM. A study of road accident victims in New Zealand aged 13 to 18. (ACC Research Report Number 104.) Petone, New Zealand: Accident Compensation Corporation, 1988."},{"article-title":"Ministry of Transport. A graduated driver licensing system","year":"1985","key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Ministry of Transport. A graduated driver licensing system. Wellington, New Zealand: Office of the Ministry of Transport, July 1985."},{"key":"ref_7","article-title":"Graduated licensing: Rx for motor vehicle injury prevention. Symposium on driver improvement: planning for the 90s","author":"Waller, P.F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Waller PF. Graduated licensing: Rx for motor vehicle injury prevention. Symposium on driver improvement: planning for the 90s. Sidney, British Columbia. Ottawa: Traffic Injury Research Foundation of Canada, 1990."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1215\/03616878-6-2-303","article-title":"Patterns of teenaged driver involvement in fatal motor vehicle crashes. Implications for policy choice","volume":"6","author":"Robertson, L.S.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Robertson LS. Patterns of teenaged driver involvement in fatal motor vehicle crashes. Implications for policy choice. 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Accident risk and behavioural patterns ofyounger drivers. Southampton, Hants: AA Foundation for Road Safety Research, 1991."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(86)90041-2","article-title":"Accident risk and risk-taking behaviour among young drivers","volume":"18","author":"Jonah, B.A.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Jonah BA. Accident risk and risk-taking behaviour among young drivers. Accid Anal Prev 1986; 18: 255-71.","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"Traffic Injury Research Foundation of Canada. New to the road. Prevention measures for young or novice drivers. Key findings and implications from an international symposium","volume-title":"Halifax Nova Scotia","year":"1991","unstructured":"Traffic Injury Research Foundation of Canada. New to the road. Prevention measures for young or novice drivers. Key findings and implications from an international symposium, February 1991, Halifax Nova Scotia. Ottawa: Traffic Injury Research Foundation of Canada."},{"key":"ref_14","article-title":"Development of graduated licensing in Australia","volume-title":"drivers impaired by alcohol and other drugs. Intemational congress and symposium series No 116","author":"Boughton, C.J.; Carrick, C.; Noonan, G.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Boughton CJ, Carrick C, Noonan G. Development of graduated licensing in Australia. In: Benjamin T, ed. Young drivers impaired by alcohol and other drugs. Intemational congress and symposium series No 116. London: Royal Society of Medicine Services, 1987."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.2307\/3342163","article-title":"High school students' views of laws restricting teenage driving","volume":"5","author":"Williams, A.F.; Preusser, D.F.; Lund, A.K.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Williams AF, Preusser DF, Lund AK. High school students' views of laws restricting teenage driving. 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An evaluation of the New Zealand graduated driver licencing system. Accid Anal Prev (in press)."}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.1.3.177","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T11:53:54Z","timestamp":1758801234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.1.3.177"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.1.3.177"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.1.3.177","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1353-8047"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1475-5785"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,9]]}}}