{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T16:39:49Z","timestamp":1783787989143,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"Objective:<\/jats:bold>To assess the safety of government versus non-government public road transportation.<\/jats:p>Design:<\/jats:bold>Descriptive study.<\/jats:p>Setting:<\/jats:bold>Kandy Municipality Area, Sri Lanka.<\/jats:p>Subjects:<\/jats:bold>All road traffic crashes reported to the Kandy Police from 1 October 1998 to 30 September 1999.<\/jats:p>Main outcome:<\/jats:bold>Involvement in a road traffic crash reported to the Kandy Police in which a government bus, private bus, or a three-wheeler was involved.<\/jats:p>Results:<\/jats:bold>During the study period, 132 government buses, 243 private buses, and 115 three wheelers were involved in 437 police reported road crashes. Of these crashes, eight (1.8%) were fatal and 132 (30.2%) were crashes resulting in injury requiring hospitalization. The majority of road crashes involved vehicle-vehicle interaction (63.4%) and vehicle-pedestrian interaction (17.8%), while the remainder consisted of vehicle-passenger and vehicle-road structure crashes. The research highlights an increased risk associated with travel on privately owned buses (RR\u200a=\u200a2.0, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.5) and three wheelers (RR\u200a=\u200a2.2, 95% CI 1.7 to 2.8) compared to travel on government buses. The disparity in crash rates between government and privately owned transportation modes can be explained, in part, by fewer safety requirements being imposed on the deregulated public transportation system.<\/jats:p>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>Recommendations are made in order to address the differential in crash rates between public and private vehicle ownership used for public transportation in Sri Lanka.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2005.008797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]],"date-time":"2006-12-14T18:42:01Z","timestamp":1166121721000},"page":"417-420","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Public road transport crashes in a low income country"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"S D","family":"Dharmaratne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Stevenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.1","unstructured":"Peden M, Scurfield S, Sleet D, et al, eds. World report on road traffic injury prevention. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2004."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.2","unstructured":"Jacobs G, Aeron-Thomas A, Astrop A. Estimating global road fatalities. Crowthrone, Transport Research Laboratory, 2000 (TRL Report, No 445)."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.3","unstructured":"Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Global health statistics: a compendium of incidence, prevalence and mortality estimates for 200 conditions. Boston, MA, Harvard School of Public Health 1996."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/icsp.10.1.105.14118"},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.5","first-page":"105","volume":"13","year":"1968","journal-title":"The Ceylon Medical Journal"},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.6","unstructured":"Abeygoonewardena CR. Apply the brakes \u00e2\u0080\u00a6 reduce road accidents. The Sunday Observer (Sri Lanka) 1999 11 April :29."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.7","unstructured":"National Transport Commission. General instruction for medical officers certifying drivers of omnibuses. Circular issued on 4 July 1992. National Transport Commission, Sri Lanka."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.8","unstructured":"National Transport Commission. Fitness to resume duties after leave form. Circular issued in 1992. National Transport Commission, Sri Lanka."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.9","first-page":"145","volume":"10","year":"1987","journal-title":"Sri Lanka J Soc Sci"},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.10","unstructured":"Ranasinghe PCH. Private bus transport in Sri Lanka. In: Diandas J (ed). Colombo, Sri Lanka: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, 1988:105\u00e2\u0080\u00938."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.11","unstructured":"Dharmaratne SD.Road traffic accidents in the Kandy police area and its economic implications [MD thesis]. Sri Lanka: University of Colombo, 2001."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.12","unstructured":"Statistical fact sheet. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Department of Census and Statistics, Ministry of Finance and Planning 1998."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.13","unstructured":"Statistical Abstract of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka 1997. Department of Census and Statistics, Ministry of Finance and Planning: Colombo, Sri Lanka, 1998."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.14","unstructured":"Motor Traffic Act (Chapter 203). Department of Government Printers, Sri Lanka 1990:100\u00e2\u0080\u00932."},{"key":"2024053012495560000_12.6.417.15","unstructured":"Stata Statistical Software (Version 8.0). Texas: Stata Press, 2003."}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2005.008797","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T23:35:22Z","timestamp":1717112122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2005.008797"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.2005.008797"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2005.008797","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}}}