{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:08:34Z","timestamp":1789049314154,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Standardized methodologies for assessing economic burden of injury at the national or international level do not exist.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To measure national incidence, medical costs, and productivity losses of medically treated injuries using the most recent data available in the United States, as a case study for similarly developed countries undertaking economic burden analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The authors combined several data sets to estimate the incidence of fatal and non-fatal injuries in 2000. They computed unit medical and productivity costs and multiplied these costs by corresponding incidence estimates to yield total lifetime costs of injuries occurring in 2000.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Incidence, medical costs, productivity losses, and total costs for injuries stratified by age group, sex, and mechanism.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>More than 50 million Americans experienced a medically treated injury in 2000, resulting in lifetime costs of $406 billion; $80 billion for medical treatment and $326 billion for lost productivity. Males had a 20% higher rate of injury than females. Injuries resulting from falls or being struck by\/against an object accounted for more than 44% of injuries. The rate of medically treated injuries declined by 15% from 1985 to 2000 in the US. For those aged 0\u201344, the incidence rate of injuries declined by more than 20%; while persons aged 75 and older experienced a 20% increase.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These national burden estimates provide unequivocal evidence of the large health and financial burden of injuries. This study can serve as a template for other countries or be used in intercountry comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2005.010983rep","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T02:32:14Z","timestamp":1448418734000},"page":"434-440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Incidence and lifetime costs of injuries in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Corso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Finkelstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Triangle Park, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Fiebelkorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RTI International"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Zaloshnja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.1","unstructured":"Peden M , McGee K , Krug E ., eds. Injury: A leading cause of the burden of disease, 2000. Geneva: The World Health Organization, 2002."},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.2","unstructured":"EMC (Erasmus Medical Center) and CSI (Consumer Safety Institute). A surveillance based assessment of medical costs of injury in Europe: Phase 2. Final Report. Rotterdam and Amsterdam: EMC and CSI, 2004."},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.3","first-page":"55","article-title":"Towards a South African injury costing model. A review of the literature for the development of a process path","volume":"1","author":"Bowman","year":"2002","journal-title":"African Safety Promotion"},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.4","unstructured":"TRL (Transport Research Laboratory). Costing road accidents in developing countries. Overseas Road Note 10. Crowthorne: TRL, 1995."},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.5","unstructured":"Rice D , MacKenzie E , and Associates . Cost of injury in the United States: A report to Congress. San Francisco, CA: Institute for Health & Aging, University of California and Injury Prevention Center, The Johns Hopkins University, 1989."},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Finkelstein E , Corso P , Miller T . Incidence and economic burden of injuries in the United States, 2000. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2006.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195179484.001.0001"},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.7","unstructured":"NIOSH. Worker health chartbook 2004. Cincinnati, OH: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute to Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No 2004\u2013146, 2004."},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.8","unstructured":"US Census Bureau. Table 713. Consumer Price Indexes (COI-U) by Major Groups: 1980 to 2002. Statistical abstract of the United States: 2003. Washington, DC: US Census Bureau, 2003:475."},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/1566-0974(200006)7:2;1-R;FT097"},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1602828"},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(03)00035-6"},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haddix A , Teutsch S , Corso P . Prevention effectiveness: A guide to decision analysis and economic evaluation. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2003.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195148978.001.0001"},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626098013001006"},{"key":"2025092509353217000_21.6.434.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.780"}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2005.010983rep","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:35:42Z","timestamp":1758818142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2005.010983rep"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.2005.010983rep"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2005.010983rep","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,24]]}}}