{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:31:21Z","timestamp":1790652681820,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold> To test the hypothesis that weapon-related violence (excluding firearms) results in more severe injury relative to the use of body parts (fists, feet and other body parts), and to rank order of injury severity by assault mechanism.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Design:<\/jats:bold> Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Participants:<\/jats:bold> 24 660 patients who were treated in a UK emergency department for violence-related injury.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Main outcome measure:<\/jats:bold> Score on the Manchester Triage Scale.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The use of a weapon resulted in significantly more serious injury (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00 to 1.28). However, of all mechanisms of violent injury, the use of feet resulted in most severe injury (AOR 1.41, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.70), followed by blunt objects (AOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.58), other body parts (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.40) and sharp objects (AOR 1.09, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.5), compared with use of fists.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Use of weapons resulted in more severe injury than use only of body parts. The use of feet caused the most serious injuries, whereas the use of fists caused the least severe injuries. Injury severity varied by number of assailants and age of the patient\u2014peaking at 47 years\u2014but not by number of injuries. Preventing the use of feet in violence, and preventing group violence should be major priorities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2006.011858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]],"date-time":"2006-12-14T13:42:01Z","timestamp":1166103721000},"page":"395-399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Non-firearm weapon use and injury severity: priorities for prevention"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"I R","family":"Brennan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S C","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J P","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.1","unstructured":"Murray CJL, Lopez AD, Mathers CD, et al. The Global Burden of Disease 2000 project: aims, methods and data sources. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Burden of Disease Unit, 2001."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(97)00007-9"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.1996.tb01218.x"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.4","first-page":"460","volume":"45","year":"1996","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.5","unstructured":"Smith C, Allen J. Violent crime in England and Wales. London: National Statistics, 2004."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.6","unstructured":"Coleman K, Hird C, Povey D. Violent crime overview, homicide and gun crime 2004\/05. London: National Statistics, 2006."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.7","unstructured":"Fingerhut LA, Cox CS, Warner M. International comparative analysis of injury mortality: findings from the ICE on injury statistics. Advance data from vital and health statistics. Hyatsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 1998."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.8","unstructured":"Nicholas S, Povey D, Walker A, et al. Crime in England and Wales. London: National Statistics, 2005."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Budd T, Sharp C, Weir G, et al. Young people and crime: findings from the 2004 offending, crime and justice survey. London: National Statistics, 2005.","DOI":"10.1037\/e422222008-001"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7275.1481"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2005.009761"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.9.1.81"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09652149836179"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199312000-00021","volume":"35","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689008300206"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107688908200511"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-4356(98)90739-2"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.18","first-page":"705","volume":"29","year":"1998","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.19","unstructured":"Copes W, Sacco W, Champion H, et al. Progress in characterising anatomic injury. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, Baltimore, MA, USA 1990:205\u201318."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198704000-00005"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.21","unstructured":"Mackenzie EJ, Sacco WJ. ICDMAP-90 software: users\u2019 guide. Baltimore, MA: John Hopkins University and Tri-Analytics, 1997."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.22","unstructured":"Mackway-Jones K, Marsden J, Windle J, eds. Emergency triage, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.20.2.119"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7173.1619","volume":"317","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01459.x"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.16.3.179"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.17.3.196"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.20.5.434"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejsp.2420090206"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.7.4.312"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.31","unstructured":"Lemos G. Fear and fashion: the use of knives and other weapons by young people. London: Lemos & Crane, 2004."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.32","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Violence Prevention Alliance: building global commitment for violence prevention. Geneva: WHO Press, 2005."},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06716-2"},{"key":"2025092505163730000_12.6.395.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Francis S. Limiting violence through good design. In: Shepherd JP, eds. Violence in healthcare, 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001:94\u2013117.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192631435.003.0006"}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2006.011858","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T12:16:50Z","timestamp":1758802610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2006.011858"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.2006.011858"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2006.011858","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]}}}