{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T02:54:59Z","timestamp":1784775299136,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and injury risk among US children in motor vehicle crashes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cross-sectional study using data from the Partners for Child Passenger Safety study, a child-focused crash surveillance system.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A probability sample of children, 9\u201315 years of age, involved in crashes in parent-operated vehicles between 1 December 2000 and 31 December 2006.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main outcome measure:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The odds ratio of Abbreviated Injury Severity (AIS) 2+ injuries (overall and body region specific) by BMI category: underweight, normal, overweight, and obese.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study sample included 3232 children in 2873 vehicles, representing a population estimate of 54\u2009616 children in 49\u2009037 vehicles. Approximately 15% (n\u200a=\u200a502) sustained an AIS 2+ injury to any body region; 34% of the children were overweight or obese. There was no overall increase in injury risk by BMI; however, body region differences were found. In multivariate logistic regression, compared with normal weight children, the odds of sustaining an AIS 2+ injury to the extremities for overweight and obese children was 2.64 (95% CI 1.64 to 4.77) and 2.54 (95% CI 1.15 to 5.59), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although overweight and obese children are not at increased overall risk of injury, they are at increased risk of injury to the lower and upper extremities. This increased risk may be due to a combination of physiology, biomechanical forces, and vehicle design.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2008.019208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]],"date-time":"2008-12-11T14:27:48Z","timestamp":1229005668000},"page":"366-371","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Body mass index and injury risk among US children 9\u201315 years old in motor vehicle crashes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"K M","family":"Pollack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K B","family":"Arbogast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D R","family":"Durbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fatal injuries among children by race and ethnicity, United States, 1999\u20132002.","volume":"56","author":"Bernard","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.9.1.76"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.3","first-page":"163","article-title":"Effect of model year and vehicle type on rollover crashes and associated injuries to children.","volume":"50","author":"Kallan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.4","first-page":"479","article-title":"Predictors of pediatric abdominal injury risk.","volume":"48","author":"Arbogast","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash J"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2007.52"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000064449.11809.48"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199208000-00011","article-title":"Body habitus as a predictor of injury pattern after blunt trauma.","volume":"33","author":"Boulanger","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2004.058156"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyg022"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000222646.46868.cb"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.11","first-page":"255","article-title":"Injuries in youth football.","volume":"81","author":"Goldberg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-004-0158-5"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1379"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.14","unstructured":"Durbin DR Elliott M Arbogast KB . The effect of seating position on risk of injury for children in side impact collisions. Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med 2001:61\u201372."},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.13.1549"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyl128"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.17","unstructured":"Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine (AAAM). Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 1990: update 98. Barrington, IL: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine, 1998."},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2684203"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1522"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.11.014"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.03.018","article-title":"Fractures and recurrent fractures in children; varying effects of environmental factors as well as bone seize and mass.","volume":"39","author":"Manias","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1159\/000103007","article-title":"Risk factors for fractures in normally active children and adolescents.","volume":"51","author":"Goulding","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Sports Sci"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.23","first-page":"509","article-title":"Bone mineral density and body composition in boys with distal forearm fractures: a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry study.","volume":"139","author":"Goulding","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025092506043065000_14.6.366.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000090389"}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2008.019208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T13:04:38Z","timestamp":1758805478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2008.019208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.2008.019208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2008.019208","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}}}