{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T09:45:15Z","timestamp":1791107115633,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To use a range of existing information sources to develop a national snapshot of the burden of road traffic injuries in one developing country\u2014Iran.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The distribution of deaths was estimated by using data from the national death registration system, hospital admissions and outpatient visits from a time-limited hospital registry in 12 of 30 provinces, and injuries that received no institutional care using the 2000 demographic and health survey. Results were extrapolated to national annual incidence of health burden differentiated by age, sex, external cause, nature of injuries and institutional care.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 2005, 30\u2009721 Iranians died annually in road traffic crashes and over one million were injured. The death rate (44 per 100\u2009000) is the highest of any country in the world for which reliable estimates are available. Road traffic injuries are the third leading cause of death in Iran. While young adults are at high risk in non-fatal crashes, the elderly have the highest total death rates, largely due to pedestrian crashes. While car occupants lead the death count, motorised two-wheeler riders dominate hospital admissions, outpatient visits and health burden.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Reliable estimates of the burden of road traffic injuries are an essential input for rational priority setting. Most low income countries are unlikely to have national injury surveillance systems for several decades. Thus national estimates of the burden of injuries should be built by collating information from all existing information sources by appropriately correcting for source specific shortcomings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2008.020826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,3]],"date-time":"2009-06-03T13:34:20Z","timestamp":1244036060000},"page":"150-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Building national estimates of the burden of road traffic injuries in developing countries from all available data sources: Iran"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Bhalla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Naghavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Shahraz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Bartels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C J L","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global burden of disease\u00e2\u0080\u00942002. http:\/\/www.who.int\/topics\/global_burden_of_disease\/en\/ (accessed 15 April 2009)."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68654-6"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.3","unstructured":"Peden MM . World report on road traffic injury prevention. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2004."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.4","unstructured":"United Nations General Assembly. The global road safety crisis: progress on the implementation of General Assembly Resolution 58\/289. A\/60\/181. 2005."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.5","unstructured":"United Nations General Assembly. Improving Global Road Safety. A\/62\/L.43. 2008."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.6","unstructured":"Commission for Global Road Safety. Make roads safe: a new priority for sustainable development. http:\/\/www.makeroadssafe.org\/ (accessed 15 April 2009)."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.7","unstructured":"United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Road safety in Asia and the Pacific. http:\/\/www.unescap.org\/ttdw\/roadsafety\/index.html (accessed 15 April 2009)."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.8","unstructured":"Bhalla K . Road traffic injury metrics\u00e2\u0080\u0094recommended definitions. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Initiative for Global Health Road Traffic Injury Metrics Group, 2007."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.05.006"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.10","unstructured":"Murray CJL Lopez AD . The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Global Burden of Disease and Injury Series. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999;1."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)07493-4"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.12","unstructured":"Murray CJL Lopez AD . The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Global Burden of Disease and Injury Series. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999;1."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.13","unstructured":"Vos T Begg S . The Victorian Burden of Disease Study: Morbidity. Melbourne: Department of Human Services, 2000."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.14","unstructured":"Naghavi M Abolhani F Moradi M . National burden of disease and injury in Iran\u00e2\u0080\u00942003. Tehran: Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran, 2007."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.15","unstructured":"Begg S Vos T Barker B . The burden of disease and injury in Australia, 2003. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2007."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Finkelstein EA Corso PS Miller TR . The incidence and economic burden of injuries in the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195179484.001.0001"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.17","unstructured":"Aeron-Thomas A . Underreporting of road traffic casualties in low income countries. PR\/INT\/199\/00. Transportation Research Laboratory, 2000."},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.09.006"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/1665-18"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040326"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-8-80"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2008.07.002"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.9.2.156"},{"key":"2025092501284620000_15.3.150.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2005.008227"}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2008.020826","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T08:29:18Z","timestamp":1758788958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2008.020826"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.2008.020826"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2008.020826","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}}}