{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T09:45:12Z","timestamp":1791107112332,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"\n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To report on seasonal variation in hospital admissions for traffic injuries to car and truck occupants, motorcyclists, cyclists, and pedestrians.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Descriptive study of hospital admission statistics in England, 1999\u20132004. Main outcome measures: national average monthly admissions for injury; severity of injury, defined as death in hospital or a hospital admission lasting four days or more.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Admissions for car occupants were highest in the winter months but seasonal variation was not great (highest and lowest months: December, 16% above monthly average; June, 5% below). There was a summer peak and winter trough in admissions for adult cyclists (June, 34% above average; December, 27% below) and motorcyclists (August, 33% above average; January, 43% below). Admissions for child pedestrians were highest in late spring and lowest in mid-winter (May, 24% above average; December, 28% below). By contrast, admissions for adult pedestrians were higher in winter than summer (December, 33% above average; July, 17% below). From April to September, there were more admissions for pedestrians and cyclists in England (44\u2009875 in the six years of the study) than for car occupants (34\u2009582). For cyclists, proportionally more injuries in the winter months were severe. Severity of injuries to car occupants did not show seasonal variation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The public health \u201ctoll\u201d of traffic injuries, measured as total numbers of people injured, varies substantially by season. Although it is important to reduce all injuries, the safety of pedestrians and cyclists, as unprotected road users, needs particular attention.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2009.021675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,3]],"date-time":"2009-12-03T14:55:21Z","timestamp":1259852121000},"page":"374-378","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Seasonal variation in hospital admission for road traffic injuries in England: analysis of hospital statistics"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Gill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M J","family":"Goldacre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.1","unstructured":"Department for Transport. DfT Circular 01\/2006, new guidance on setting local speed limits. London: TSO, 2006. http:\/\/www.dft.gov.uk\/pgr\/roadsafety\/speedmanagement\/dftcircular106\/ (accessed 28 May 2009)."},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.2","unstructured":"Brake Road Safety Charity. Winter driving. http:\/\/www.brake.org.uk\/index.php?p\u00e2\u0080\u008a=\u00e2\u0080\u008a602 (accessed 28 May 2009)."},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.3","unstructured":"Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents. Single\/double summer time (SDST) policy statement. http:\/\/www.rospa.com\/roadsafety\/advice\/general\/summertime_policy.htm (accessed 28 May 2009)."},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.4","unstructured":"Clarke DD Ward P Bartle C . In-depth study of motorcycle accidents. Road Safety Research report no. 54. London: Department for Transport, 2004. http:\/\/www.dft.gov.uk\/pgr\/roadsafety\/research\/rsrr\/theme5\/indepthstudyofmotorcycleacc.pdf (accessed 28 May 2009)."},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01441640701806612"},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.9.3.205"},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.7","unstructured":"Department for Transport. Road casualties Great Britain: 2006\u00e2\u0080\u0094annual report. Tables part 2, table 28. http:\/\/www.dft.gov.uk\/pgr\/statistics\/datatablespublications\/accidents\/casualtiesgbar\/roadcasualtiesgreatbritain2006 (accessed 28 May 2009)."},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.8","unstructured":"Department for Transport. National travel survey: 2004. Data tables, table 3.2. http:\/\/www.dft.gov.uk\/pgr\/statistics\/datatablespublications\/personal\/mainresults\/nts2004\/ (accessed 28 May 2009)."},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38883.593831.4F"},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.10","unstructured":"Department for Transport. Road accident casualties: a comparison of STATS19 data with Hospital Episode Statistics. http:\/\/www.dft.gov.uk\/pgr\/roadsafety\/research\/rsrr\/theme5\/roadaccidentscasualtiescomp.pdf (accessed 28 May 2009)."},{"key":"2025092505241543000_15.6.374.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7082.710","article-title":"Influence of changing travel patterns on child death rates from injury: trend analysis.","volume":"314","author":"DiGuiseppi","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2009.021675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T12:24:24Z","timestamp":1758803064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.2009.021675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.2009.021675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.2009.021675","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}}}