{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T02:13:44Z","timestamp":1717121624958},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Improvised explosive devices have become the characteristic weapon of conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. While little can be done to mitigate against the effects of blast in free-field explosions, scaled blast simulations have shown that the combat boot can attenuate the effects on the vehicle occupants of anti-vehicular mine blasts. Although the combat boot offers some protection to the lower limb, its behaviour at the energies seen in anti-vehicular mine blast has not been documented previously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sole of eight same-size combat boots from two brands currently used by UK troops deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan were impacted at energies of up to 518\u2005J, using a spring-assisted drop rig.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that the Meindl Desert Fox combat boot consistently experienced a lower peak force at lower impact energies and a longer time-to-peak force at higher impact energies when compared with the Lowa Desert Fox combat boot.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This reduction in the peak force and extended rise time, resulting in a lower energy transfer rate, is a potentially positive mitigating effect in terms of the trauma experienced by the lower limb.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Currently, combat boots are tested under impact at the energies seen during heel strike in running. Through the identification of significantly different behaviours at high loading, this study has shown that there is rationale in adding the performance of combat boots under impact at energies above those set out in international standards to the list of criteria for the selection of a combat boot.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2010.031344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,19]],"date-time":"2011-07-19T05:41:40Z","timestamp":1311054100000},"page":"109-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The comparative behaviour of two combat boots under impact"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Newell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Spyros D","family":"Masouros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andy D","family":"Pullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony M J","family":"Bull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318163b875"},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181848cf6"},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1308\/003588409X464720"},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.03.028"},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.5","unstructured":"iCasualties. Iraq Coalition Casualty Count. Georgia: iCasualties. http:\/\/icasualties.org\/ (accessed 20 May 2010)."},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.04.030"},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.7","unstructured":"Manseau J Keown M , eds. Development of an Assessment Methodology for Lower Leg Injuries Resulting From Anti-vehicular Blast Landmines. IUTAM Proceedings on Impact Biomechanics: From Fundamental Insights to Applications. Dublin, Ireland: Springer, Netherlands, 2005."},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2010.0219"},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.9","unstructured":"Wilson M . Understanding shock absorption. SATRA Bulletin Int 2006:10\u201312."},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.10","unstructured":"Wilson M . Shock absorbing properties of lightweight solings. SATRA Bulletin 1984:88\u20139."},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.11","unstructured":"ASTM F1614-99. Test Method for Shock Attenuating Properties of Materials Systems for Athletic Footwear. West Conshohocken, PA American Society for Testing Materials, 1999."},{"key":"2024053015072476000_18.2.109.12","unstructured":"BS EN ISO 20344: 2004. Personal Protective Equipment\u2014Test Methods for Footwear. 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