{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T14:10:00Z","timestamp":1758895800875,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To identify strengths and weaknesses in community based child passenger safety programs by developing a scoring instrument and conducting observations of child restraint use in three Native American communities.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Setting:<\/jats:bold> The three communities are autonomous Tribal reservations in the Pacific Northwest. Their per capita incomes and rates of unemployment are comparable.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> In each community, 100 children under 5 years old were observed for car seat use. A six item community assessment tool (100 points maximum) awarded points for such items as the type (primary or secondary) and enforcement of child restraint laws; availability of car seats from distribution programs; extent of educational programs; and access to data on vehicle injuries.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> For children from birth to 4 years, the car seat use rate ranged from 12%\u201321%. Rates for infants (71%\u201380%) far exceeded rates for 1\u20134 year old children (5%\u201314%). Community scores ranged from 0 to 31.5 points. There was no correlation between scores and observed car seat use. One reason was the total lack of enforcement of restraint laws.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> A community assessment tool can highlight weaknesses in child passenger efforts. Linking such a tool with an objective measure of impact can be applied to other injury problems, such as fire safety or domestic violence. The very process of creating and implementing a community assessment can enhance agency collaboration and publicize evidence based \u201cbest practices\u201d for injury prevention. Further study is needed to address methodologic issues and to examine crash and medical data in relation to community child passenger safety scores.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.8.4.289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,2]],"date-time":"2002-12-02T17:25:12Z","timestamp":1038849912000},"page":"289-292","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Assessing community child passenger safety efforts in three Northwest Tribes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"M L","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L R","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092606280758000_8.4.289.1","unstructured":"Wallace LJD. Injuries among American Indian and Alaska Native children, 1985\u00e2\u0080\u00931996. 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Prevention of motor vehicle-related injuries: a compendium of articles from the MMWR, 1985\u00e2\u0080\u00931996. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 1997."},{"key":"2025092606280758000_8.4.289.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.4.986"},{"key":"2025092606280758000_8.4.289.14","first-page":"30","volume":"16","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2025092606280758000_8.4.289.15","unstructured":"Resource and Patient Management System (RPMS). Site managers\u00e2\u0080\u0099 cookbook, version 1.0. Billings, MT: Billings Area Indian Health Service, 1993."},{"key":"2025092606280758000_8.4.289.16","unstructured":"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. National Occupant Protection Use Survey\u00e2\u0080\u00942000 controlled intersection study. Research note, DOT HS 809 318. 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