{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:01:21Z","timestamp":1791338481366,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Inj Prev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To identify the most appropriate metric to determine the effectiveness of mobile speed cameras in reducing road traffic related injuries.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Design:<\/jats:bold> Controlled before and after study which compares two methods for examining the local effectiveness of mobile speed cameras\u2014a circular zone around the camera and a route based method to define exposure at various distances from sites.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Setting:<\/jats:bold> South Wales, UK.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Subjects:<\/jats:bold> Persons injured by road traffic before and after intervention.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Intervention:<\/jats:bold> Use of mobile speed cameras at 101 sites.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Main outcome measures:<\/jats:bold> Rate ratio of injurious crashes at intervention and control sites.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Camera sites had lower than expected numbers of injurious crashes up to 300 metres using circles and up to 500 metres using routes. Routes methods indicated a larger effect than the circles method except in the 100 metres nearest sites. A 500 metre route method was used to investigate the effect within strata of time after intervention, time of day, speed limit, and type of road user injured. The number of injurious crashes after intervention was substantially reduced (rate ratio 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.42 to 0.57) and sustained throughout two years after intervention. Significant decreases occurred in daytime and night time, on roads with speed limits of 30 and 60\u201370 miles\/hour and for crashes that injured pedestrians, motorcycle users, and car occupants.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> The route based method is the better method of measure effectiveness at distances up to 500 metres. This method demonstrates a 51% reduction in injurious crashes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.9.4.302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,23]],"date-time":"2003-12-23T16:50:29Z","timestamp":1072198229000},"page":"302-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Are mobile speed cameras effective? A controlled before and after study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"S M","family":"Christie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R A","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F D","family":"Dunstan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S J","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.1","unstructured":"Murray CJL, Lopez AD. Global health statistics: a compendium of incidence, prevalence and mortality estimates for over 200 conditions. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1996."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.2","first-page":"1","volume":"2","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMC News and Views"},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.3","unstructured":"Hooke A, Knox J, Portas D. Cost benefit analysis of traffic light and speed cameras. Police Research Series Paper 20. London: Home Office, 1996."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.4","unstructured":"Highways Agency. West London speed camera project: analysis of accident data 36 months before and 36 months after implementation. London: London Research Centre, 1997."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.5","unstructured":"Elvik R, Mysen AB, Vaa T. Trafikksikkerhetsh\u00c3\u00a5ndbok. Tredje utgave. Handbook of traffic safety. 3rd Ed. Oslo: Transport\u00c3\u00b8konomisk Institutt, 1997."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.6","unstructured":"PA Consulting Group and Department of Transport, Local Government and the Regions. 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Proceedings of the 1999 Insurance Commission of Western Australia Conference on Road Safety. Australia: Perth, 1999:46\u00e2\u0080\u009364."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.15","unstructured":"Winnett M, Woodgate E, Al-Katib M. Speed Camera Study Norfolk: Norfolk speed camera evaluation. Report PR\/TT\/107\/97. Crowthorne: Berks Transport Research Laboratory, 1997."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.16","unstructured":"Burn F, Collier T, Frost C, et al. Cochrane Database Systematic Review 2003 (1):CD003110."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.17","unstructured":"Simpson H. Comparison of hospital and police casualty data: a national study. Transport Research Laboratory report 173. Crowthorne, Berks: Transport Research Laboratory, 1996."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.18","unstructured":"Corbett C, Simon F. The effects of speed cameras: how drivers respond. Road safety research report 11. London: Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions, 1999."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.19","unstructured":"Scottish Office. The deterrent effect of enforcement in road safety. Development Department research programme research findings No 34. Edinburgh: Central Research Unit, Scottish Office, 1997."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.20","unstructured":"Department of Transport, Local Government and the Regions. Spellar announces new camera visibility rules. Press release. London: Department of Transport, Local Government and the Regions, 3 December 2001."},{"key":"2025092509151257000_9.4.302.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7346.1153"}],"container-title":["Injury Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.9.4.302","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:15:26Z","timestamp":1758816926000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/injuryprevention.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/ip.9.4.302"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/ip.9.4.302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip.9.4.302","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8047","1475-5785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8047","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-5785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]}}}