{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T19:55:28Z","timestamp":1760298928475,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Because immunoglobulin abnormalities may affect the kidney, investigation of renal biopsies requires immunohistological study of light chains. A problem is that most antibodies to light chains react with whole immunoglobulins as well as free light chains, and there are generally many more whole immunoglobulins than free light chains. The usefulness of antibodies that only detected free light chains was investigated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antibodies to free light chains were used in an immunoperoxidase method on paraffin sections of 198 renal biopsies, and compared with conventional antibodies against light chains examined by immunofluorescence on 13 frozen sections and by immunoperoxidase on 46 paraffin sections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase were concordant on 10 of 13 biopsies. Immunofluorescence detected slight deposition of light chains in three biopsies not shown by immunoperoxidase, of undetermined clinical significance. Using immunoperoxidase, the free light chain antibodies were more sensitive than conventional antibodies, giving much cleaner staining and better detection of deposits in AL amyloid, light chain deposition disease and cryoglobulinaemic glomerulonephritis. The free light chain antibodies showed discordance or ambiguity between immunohistological and clinical findings in seven (4%) of 185 patients with known immunoglobulin status. These included two of 28 cases of AL amyloid that showed no light chain deposition. The method was not designed for detection of light chain restriction in neoplastic plasma or lymphoplasmacytic cells.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Polyclonal antibodies to free light chains are an improvement on conventional antibodies in immunoperoxidase study of paraffin sections of renal biopsies and are useful in everyday practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2014-202231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]],"date-time":"2014-05-09T23:01:13Z","timestamp":1399676473000},"page":"661-666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Value of antibodies to free light chains in immunoperoxidase studies of renal biopsies"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Mared P","family":"Owen-Casey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosalind","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H Terence","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Candice A","family":"Roufosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histopathology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian D","family":"Gillmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Division of Medicine, National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet A","family":"Gilbertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Division of Medicine, National Amyloidosis Centre, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colin A","family":"Hutchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Hawke's Bay District Health Board, Hastings, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander J","family":"Howie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00412-8"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.94"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.12.028"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-07-445304"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.43.3.257"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2004.12.019"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001990","article-title":"Immunofluorescence on pronase-digested paraffin sections: a valuable salvage technique for renal biopsies","volume":"70","author":"Nasr","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129.2011.574354026"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2012-201125"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/47.4.673","article-title":"Highly sensitive, automated immunoassay for immunoglobulin free light chains in serum and urine","volume":"47","author":"Bradwell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.11","unstructured":"Marshall WJ Bangert SK Lapsley M , eds. Clinical chemistry. 7th edn. Edinburgh: Mosby, 2012:229."},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6890-12-12"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-9-11"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbertson JA Hunt T Hawkins PN . Amyloid typing: experience from a large referral centre. In: Picken MM Dogan A Herrera GA , eds. Amyloid and related disorders: surgical pathology and clinical correlations. New York: Springer, 2012:231\u20138.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-389-3_18"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.15","unstructured":"Jennette JC Olson JL Schwartz MM ., eds. Heptinstall's pathology of the kidney. 6th edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2006."},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh503"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10491012"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.108"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2007.04.013"},{"key":"2025092510240841000_67.8.661.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00022744-200209000-00013"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jclinpath-2014-202231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T17:24:19Z","timestamp":1758821059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jclinpath-2014-202231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jclinpath-2014-202231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jclinpath-2014-202231","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9746"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-4146"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]]}}}