{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:15:18Z","timestamp":1758845718931,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Primary histopathology of miscarriage remains undetermined in the majority of cases. This study was conducted to determine histological characteristics pertinent to miscarriage.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study groups were composed of elective abortions (n=29) and miscarriages (n=45) comprised of chromosomally normal (n=15) and abnormal cases (n=30). Immunohistochemistry was done against CD3, CD8, TIA-1 and CD56.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two histological features\u2014diffuse decidual leucocytoclastic necrosis (DDLN) and decidual natural killer cell aggregates (NKCA)\u2014were relatively common in miscarriages. The frequencies of DDLN and NKCA were different between the groups (p&lt;0.05 and p&lt;0.05, respectively). DDLN was found in 13.8% (4\/29) of elective abortions, while it was observed in 60.0% (9\/15) and 23.3% (7\/30) of chromosomally normal and abnormal miscarriages, respectively. DDLN was more frequent in chromosomally normal miscarriages than in elective abortions (p=0.004). NKCA was present in 13.8% (4\/29) of elective abortions, while being found in 33.3% (5\/15) and 43.3% (13\/30) of chromosomally normal and abnormal miscarriages, respectively. NKCA was more frequent in chromosomally abnormal miscarriages than in elective abortions (p=0.020).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The findings strongly suggest that defective placentation and abnormal maternal immune response are associated with miscarriage. DDLN and NKCA seem to have diagnostic values in the pathological evaluation of miscarriage.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2014-202470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,7]],"date-time":"2014-11-07T03:19:03Z","timestamp":1415330343000},"page":"119-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Diffuse decidual leucocytoclastic necrosis and NK cell aggregates: two distinct features of miscarriage"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Joong Yeup","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamchoon Women's Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Na","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asan Laboratory of Perinatal Science, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, 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