{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T21:48:29Z","timestamp":1759960109248,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A recently proposed classification of sudden unexpected infant death incorporates consideration of possibly asphyxia. This depends on an adequate postmortem, scene investigation and history. A reliable marker of asphyxia has yet to be identified. Such a marker could assist in classifying these deaths. Our aim was to determine if the level of nucleated red blood cells (nRBCs) in the peripheral blood could help identify those possibly asphyxia-related deaths and if risk factors could influence this level in the peripheral blood.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cases of sudden unexpected deaths in infancy and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) which occurred over a period of 6\u2005years (2007\u20132013) and were autopsied at Sheffield Children's Hospital were reviewed and categorised according to a new classification proposed by Randall <jats:italic>et al<\/jats:italic>. The cases were then correlated with the blood level of nRBCs determined at the time of post mortem examination. The study was approved by the Clinical Governance Department, number SE331.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>139 deaths were classified into Group A (true SIDS, 67 cases), Group B (possible asphyxia related, 24 cases), Group C (non-asphyxia-related, 6 cases), Group D (no crime scene investigation, 0 cases) and Group E (identifiable cause, 42 cases). The levels were significantly increased in ex-premature babies, in infants with an underlying condition (Group C) and in deaths related to illness or trauma (Group E). There was a trend towards higher levels of nRBCs in younger age groups and in babies born to smoking mothers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SIDS remains a difficult diagnosis to make despite the current medical technological advances where no marker of hypoxia has yet been identified.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2015-202909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]],"date-time":"2015-05-15T23:06:10Z","timestamp":1431731170000},"page":"718-722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Measurement of nucleated red blood cells in the peripheral blood as a marker of hypoxia in sudden unexpected death in infancy"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Rita E","family":"Zapata Vazquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Yucat\u00e1n and Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, M\u00e9rida, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Coetzee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histopathology Department, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Harlock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Histopathology Department, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Simmerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematopathology Department, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta C","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematopathology Department, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.234"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2010.079715"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.3","unstructured":"Fleming P , Blair P , Bacon C , et al ., eds. Sudden unexpected death in infancy, the CESDI SUDI studies 1993\u20131996. London: The Stationery Office, 2000."},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sethuraman C , Coombs R , Cohen MC . Sudden unexpected death in infancy. In: Cohen MC , Scheimberg I, eds . The paediatric and perinatal autopsy manual. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014:319\u201329.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139237017.018"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.5","unstructured":"Kennedy H . Sudden unexpected death in infancy. A multi-agent to protocol for care and investigation. The report of working group convened by the Royal College of Pathologists and the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. 2004. http:\/\/www.rcpath.org\/NR\/rdonlyres\/30213EB6-451B-4830-A7FD-4EEFF0420260\/0\/SUDIreportforweb.pdf (accessed 4 Apr 2015)."},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7435.331"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-009-9083-y"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.12.022"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.9","first-page":"857","article-title":"Sudden death in infants","volume":"1","author":"Naeye","year":"2007","journal-title":"Potter's pathology of the fetus, infant and child"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.10","unstructured":"Bain BJ . Blood cells. A practical guide. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1995."},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.84.3.F211"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/D70F-HCC1-XX1T-4ETE"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benjamin DR . Biochemical investigations on post-mortem specimens. In: Bussutil A , Keeling JW , eds. Paediatric forensic medicine and pathology. London: Hodder Arnold, 2008:106\u201325.","DOI":"10.1201\/b13186-6"},{"key":"2025092612015798000_68.9.718.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pii: e002299","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002299","article-title":"Bed sharing when parents do not smoke: is there a risk of SIDS? An individual level analysis of 5 major case-control studies","volume":"3","author":"Carpenter","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jclinpath-2015-202909","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T19:02:05Z","timestamp":1758913325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jclinpath-2015-202909"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jclinpath-2015-202909"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jclinpath-2015-202909","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9746"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-4146"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]}}}