{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T01:22:50Z","timestamp":1775784170941,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To report four histological\u2013immunohistochemical oesophagitis phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Oesophageal biopsies from 311 patients were stained with H&amp;E and with CD3, a T cell marker. Additional immunohistochemical stains (n=413) were performed in 77 cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Four histological\u2013immunohistochemical oesophagitis phenotypes were recorded: lymphocytic oesophagitis (LyE, \u226540 CD3+ lymphocytes\/HPF in CD3 immunostain), eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE, \u226515 eosinophils\/HPF in H&amp;E stain), lymphocytic infiltration (\u226439 CD3+\/HPF) and compound lymphocytic oesophagitis\u2013eosinophilic oesophagitis (Co LyE-EoE). At index biopsy, 28.3% (n=88) had LyE, 21.2% (n=66) EoE, 10.6% (n=33) Co LyE-EoE and 39.9% (n=124) lymphocytic infiltration. A persistent oesophagitis phenotype was found in 42.5% (37\/87) in the first follow-up biopsy, in 34.4% (21\/61) in the second follow-up biopsy and in 48.1% (26\/54) in the third follow-up biopsy. Using \u03b2F1 immunostain, two different surface T cell receptors were detected in LyE and Co Lye-EoE: one having \u226540 \u03b2F1+\/HPF (\u03b2F1+ high) and the other having &lt;39 \u03b2F1+\/HPF (\u03b2F1+ low).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Based on the literature regarding the significance of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the initiation of EoE, we submit that the IEL phenotypes in LyE might differ from those found in EoE as they were unable to elicit the same eosinophilic response. Recent studies disclosed that group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s), enriched in EoE, remain undetected in CD3 immunostain as they lack surface markers for T, B, natural killer (NK) or NK T cells. If ILC2s also participate in the lymphocytic infiltration of EoE, then the frequency of cases with Co LyE-EoE here reported might have been much higher. The four oesophagitis phenotypes described are easy to recognise, provided that the dual staining procedure (H&amp;E-CD3) is implemented.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2016-203782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,28]],"date-time":"2016-07-28T22:39:45Z","timestamp":1469745585000},"page":"208-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Lymphocytic oesophagitis, eosinophilic oesophagitis and compound lymphocytic\u2013eosinophilic oesophagitis I: histological and immunohistochemical findings"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"C A","family":"Rubio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Ichiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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