{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T06:03:18Z","timestamp":1778565798543,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms include polycythaemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytopenia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Patients with these conditions were mainly thought to harbour\n                    <jats:italic>JAK2V617F<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations or an\n                    <jats:italic>Myeloproliferative leukaemia<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>MPL<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) substitution. In 2013, two revolutionary studies identified recurrent mutations in a gene that encodes the protein calreticulin (CALR). This mutation was detected in patients with PMF and ET with non-mutated\n                    <jats:italic>JAK2<\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>MPL<\/jats:italic>\n                    but was absent in patients with PV. The\n                    <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene encodes the calreticulin protein, which is a multifactorial protein, mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum in chromosome 19 and regulates calcium homeostasis, chaperones and has also been implicated in multiple cellular processes including cell signalling, regulation of gene expression, cell adhesion, autoimmunity and apoptosis. Somatic 52 bp deletions and recurrent 52 bp insertion mutations in\n                    <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic>\n                    were detected and all resulted in frameshift and clusters in exon 9 of the gene. This review will summarise the current knowledge on the\n                    <jats:italic>CALR<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene and mutation of the gene in pathological conditions and patient phenotypes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2016-203899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]],"date-time":"2016-06-29T03:34:04Z","timestamp":1467171244000},"page":"841-845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The\n                    <i>Calreticulin<\/i>\n                    gene and myeloproliferative neoplasms"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Aoibhinn","family":"Clinton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Frances","family":"McMullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Haematology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120619154063000_69.10.841.1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Calreticulin: a multifaceted protein","volume":"4","author":"Mendlovic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Educ"},{"key":"2025120619154063000_69.10.841.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114582"},{"key":"2025120619154063000_69.10.841.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parlatti F , Hemming R , Ou WJ , et al . 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