{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T03:11:41Z","timestamp":1788491501919,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"12","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To apply thrombin generation assay (TGA) in a large cohort of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL)-positive patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>108 patients were tested with TGA and lupus anticoagulant (LA) testing and divided according to their aPL profile. Briefly, 21 patients were positive for anti-phosphatidylserine (aPS)\/prothrombin (PT) IgG\/IgM (group1), 29 for anti-\u00df2-glycoprotein-I (a\u03b22GPI) and anti-cardiolipin (aCL) IgG\/IgM (group2), 31 for aPS\/PT, a\u03b22GPI and aCL IgG\/IgM (group3), 27 for aPS\/PT and\/or a\u03b22GPI+aCL\u2009IgM at low-titres (group4). 31 healthy donors (HDs) and 24 controls treated with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) were included.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The most deranged TGA and LA profiles were observed in tetra-positive patients (group3) that differed significantly to the other groups, thus those with isolated, double or triple aPL-positivity. Moreover, when comparing the TGA profile of all antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients, aPL-carriers, HDs and VKA controls, we observed that the aPL+ patients (especially APS) showed a distinctive profile that allowed to distinguish them from the other groups with significantly higher tLag and tPeak, and lower Peak and area under the curve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>When focusing on APS clinical manifestations, patients with a high-risk profile (group3) showed significant differences from those presenting low-titres aPL (group 4) regarding the number of venous events (p=0.04), recurrence of any thrombotic event (p=0.01), of arterial events (5 vs 0, p=0.02), the occurrence of TIA (p=0.04), DVT (p=0.02) and, when analysing extracriteria manifestations, of peripheral artery disease (p=0.04).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TGA seems a valuable approach to stratify aPL+ patients according to their risk profile. The differences among different populations of autoantibodies specificities could be considered a translational validation of the increased thrombotic risk of patients with triple or tetra aPL-positivity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp-2022-208199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T13:21:19Z","timestamp":1663075279000},"page":"839-846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Thrombin generation assay and lupus anticoagulant synergically distinguish populations of patients with antiphospholipid antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Radin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy"},{"name":"University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK- net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital and University of Turin, Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Barinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy"},{"name":"University Center of Excellence on Nephrologic, Rheumatologic and Rare Diseases (ERK- net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member) with Nephrology and Dialysis Unit and Center of Immuno-Rheumatology and Rare Diseases (CMID), Coordinating Center of the Interregional Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley (North-West Italy), San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital and University of Turin, Turin, 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