{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T22:09:48Z","timestamp":1770502188278,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"\n Aims:<\/jats:bold>\n To find out whether serology can reliably speciate human schistosomiasis using a simple enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n Stored sera from 66 patients with microscopically confirmed schistosomiasis were subjected to ELISA using a panel of three antigens, namely: unfractionated\n Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n soluble egg antigen (SEA); CEF6, a cationic fraction of SEA; and crude\n S\u00a0margrebowiei<\/jats:italic>\n egg antigen, prepared from an animal schistosome closely related to\n S\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n The optical densities (ODs) obtained using CEF6 as antigen were significantly higher in sera from\n S\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n infected patients than in sera from\n S\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n infected patients (median OD, 0.810\n v<\/jats:italic>\n 0.595). Using\n S\u00a0margrebowiei<\/jats:italic>\n egg antigen, the optical densities were significantly higher in\n S\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n sera than in\n S\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n sera (median OD, 0.794\n v<\/jats:italic>\n 0.544). There was no significant difference in optical densities between\n S\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n and\n S\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n sera using SEA (median OD, 0.725\n v<\/jats:italic>\n 0.737). The ratio of ODs (CEF6 to\n S\u00a0margrebowiei<\/jats:italic>\n egg antigen) was calculated: a ratio of >1 indicated\n S\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\n infection (sensitivity, 88%) and a ratio of <1 indicated\n S\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n infection (sensitivity, 84%). The odds ratio for\n S\u00a0haematobium<\/jats:italic>\n having an OD ratio of <1 was 36.8 (95% confidence interval, 7.0 to 194).\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n The identity of the infecting species of schistosome can be determined using the panel of antigens described. SEA should be used to screen serum samples, and the CEF6 :\n S\u00a0margrebowiei<\/jats:italic>\n egg antigen ELISA optical density ratio can be used where serological speciation is required.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2003.014779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,27]],"date-time":"2004-10-27T16:18:35Z","timestamp":1098893915000},"page":"1193-1196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Serological speciation of human schistosome infections by ELISA with a panel of three antigens"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Turner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Lalloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Bligh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C J M","family":"Whitty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M J","family":"Doenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P L","family":"Chiodini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(02)90316-0"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.2","first-page":"S41","volume":"117","year":"1998","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(00)90077-4"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(86)90334-2"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-2712(18)30533-X","volume":"11","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Lab Med"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(81)90013-4"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(81)90014-6"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(84)90061-0"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000059503","volume":"103","year":"1991","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(93)90415-M"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.11","first-page":"729","volume":"60","year":"1982","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00027590","volume":"50","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Helminthol"},{"key":"2025121401144343000_57.11.1193.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","volume":"193","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.2003.014779","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T09:14:48Z","timestamp":1765703688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.2003.014779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,27]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.2003.014779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.2003.014779","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9746","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-4146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,27]]}}}