{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T02:16:55Z","timestamp":1791166615118,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Invasive fungal infections are often diagnosed by histopathology without identification of the causative fungi, which show significantly different antifungal susceptibilities.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aims:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To establish and evaluate a system of two seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to identify and discriminate between agents of aspergillosis and mucormycosis in paraffin wax embedded tissue samples.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    DNA of 52 blinded samples from five different centres was extracted and used as a template in two PCR assays targeting the mitochondrial aspergillosis DNA and the 18S ribosomal DNA of zygomycetes.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Specific fungal DNA was identified in 27 of 44 samples in accordance with a histopathological diagnosis of zygomycosis or aspergillosis, respectively.\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    DNA was amplified from one specimen of zygomycosis (diagnosed by histopathology). In four of 16 PCR negative samples no human DNA was amplified, possibly as a result of the destruction of DNA before paraffin wax embedding. In addition, eight samples from clinically suspected fungal infections (without histopathological proof) were examined. The two PCR assays detected a concomitant infection with\n                    <jats:italic>Absidia corymbifera<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A\u00a0fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in one, and infections with\n                    <jats:italic>Rhizopus arrhizus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A\u00a0fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in another two cases.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The two seminested PCR assays described here can support a histopathological diagnosis of mucormycosis or aspergillosis, and can identify the infective agent, thereby optimising antifungal treatment.\n                  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