{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:39:06Z","timestamp":1790206746398,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) expression is altered in oesophageal carcinomas compared with normal tissue. It is unclear, however, whether this phenotype precedes malignant transformation or results as a consequence of it.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To investigate HLA class I and II expression in Barrett\u2019s oesophagus and normal squamous oesophageal tissue.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Asian patients with Barrett\u2019s oesophagus (n\u200a=\u200a64) and a control group (n\u200a=\u200a60) with a normal oesophagus but without reflux symptoms were recruited using endoscopic and histopathological criteria. Tissue samples were stained with monoclonal antibodies specific for HLA-ABC, HLA-DR \u03b1 chain or HLA-DP\/DQ\/DR, and scored semiquantitatively. The results of immunohistochemical staining were correlated with clinical and histopathological characteristics of patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Marked expression of HLA-ABC was observed in 50% of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus sections as compared with 68.3% of controls (p\u200a=\u200a0.038). HLA-DR staining was seen in 51.6% of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus samples versus 11.7% of controls (p&lt;0.001). Expression of HLA-DP\/DQ\/DR was evident in 73.4% of oesophageal intestinal metaplasia tissue as opposed to 18.3% of controls (p&lt;0.001). Importantly, a total loss of HLA-ABC and a concomitant gain of HLA-DP\/DQ\/DR expression were seen in 37.5% of patients with Barrett\u2019s oesophagus but in none of the controls (p&lt;0.001). Interestingly, this phenotype was associated positively with dysplasia (adjusted p, p*\u200a=\u200a0.031) but negatively with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (p*\u200a=\u200a0.004).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    HLA class I expression is down regulated and class II expression is up regulated in Barrett\u2019s oesophagus. As these changes predate malignant transformation, altered major histocompatibility complex expression may be a key event in disease progression, possibly in facilitating evasion from immune surveillance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.031575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,7]],"date-time":"2006-02-07T22:18:40Z","timestamp":1139350720000},"page":"952-957","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Loss of human leucocyte antigen class I and gain of class II expression are early events in carcinogenesis: clues from a study of Barrett\u2019s 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