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In difficult cases, basal cell absence may be confirmed by immunohistochemical stains for high-molecular-weight cytokeratins (marked with antibody 34\u03b2E12) or p63, which are basal cell markers. Minor criteria include intraluminal wispy blue mucin, pink amorphous secretions, mitotic figures, intraluminal crystalloids, adjacent high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, amphophilic cytoplasm and nuclear hyperchromasia. Another useful diagnostic marker detectable by immunohistochemistry is \u03b1-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR), an enzyme selectively expressed in neoplastic glandular epithelium. Cocktails of antibodies directed against basal cell markers and AMACR are particularly useful in evaluating small foci of atypical glands, and in substantiating a diagnosis of a minimal adenocarcinoma. Reporting of adenocarcinoma in needle biopsy specimens should always include the Gleason grade and measures of tumour extent in the needle core tissue. Measures of tumour extent are (1) number of cores positive for cancer in the number of cores examined, (2) percentage of needle core tissue affected by carcinoma and (3) linear millimetres of carcinoma present.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.036442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,9]],"date-time":"2007-01-09T13:29:01Z","timestamp":1168349341000},"page":"35-42","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Diagnosis of adenocarcinoma in prostate needle biopsy tissue"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"P A","family":"Humphrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120521275697000_60.1.35.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.55.2.74"},{"key":"2025120521275697000_60.1.35.2","unstructured":"Humphrey PA. 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