{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T07:03:07Z","timestamp":1765609387617,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The diagnosis of copper deficiency and excess states is challenging. It was hoped that the non-caeruloplasmin-bound (\u201cfree\u201d) copper would reduce this difficulty; however, it has its own problems. The copper\/caeruloplasmin ratio has been advocated as an alternative index of copper status, especially as it would not need gender-derived or age-derived reference intervals. However, there are no comparative data for different populations using different assays.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Independent paired copper and caeruloplasmin data were retrospectively obtained for three laboratories. From these data, the copper\/caeruloplasmin ratio was calculated, and descriptive statistics for the populations and methods were obtained. The relationship between the copper\/caeruloplasmin ratio and both copper and caeruloplasmin were also investigated for the three laboratories.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All three datasets displayed a non-Gaussian distribution. The Burton median was statistically different from the two other medians, which did not differ significantly from each other. The regression lines for both copper and caeruloplasmin with the ratio differed from each other.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The copper\/caeruloplasmin ratio behaves differently depending on the laboratory, the population studied, or both. Thus, cut-offs in the literature are not transferable. Each laboratory should therefore derive its own cut-offs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2007.055111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]],"date-time":"2008-12-22T15:05:56Z","timestamp":1229958356000},"page":"60-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The copper\/caeruloplasmin ratio in routine clinical practice in different laboratories"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"P J","family":"Twomey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A S","family":"Wierzbicki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T M","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Viljoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/67.5.952S","article-title":"Essentiality of copper in humans.","volume":"67","author":"Uauy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.2","unstructured":"Turnlund JR . Copper. In: Shils M Olson J A Shike M , eds. Nutrition in health and disease. 9th edn. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999:241\u201352."},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.3","unstructured":"Harris ED . Copper. In: O\u2019Dell B L Sunde R A , eds. Handbook of nutritionally essential minerals. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc, 1997:231\u201373."},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.4","unstructured":"Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2001:224\u201357."},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.20864"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.53.11.807"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-004-1047-8","article-title":"Wilson Disease.","volume":"445","author":"Langner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.17834"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.02.057"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)70097-0"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80302-4"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.12","unstructured":"Milne DB . Trace elements. In: Burtis C A Ashwood E R , eds. Tietz textbook of clinical chemistry. 3rd edn. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co."},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.13","first-page":"447","article-title":"A study of caeruloplasmin concentrations found in 75 patients with Wilson\u2019s disease, their kinships and various control groups.","volume":"48","author":"Gibbs","year":"1979","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/000456303763046021"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.052688"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2007.01643.x"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2006.041756"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.18","unstructured":"Jones R Payne B . Clinical investigation and statistics in laboratory medicine. London: ACB Venture Publications, 1997."},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.19","first-page":"2293","article-title":"Use of CRM 470\/RPPHS has not achieved true consensus for ceruloplasmin measurement.","volume":"48","author":"Beetham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2006.039321"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3891\/acta.chem.scand.02-0550"},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.22","unstructured":"Johnson Am. Other proteins: caeruloplasmin. In Ritchie RF, Navolotskaia O, eds. Serum proteins in clinical medicine. 1st edn. Scarborough, ME: Foundation for Blood Research, 1996."},{"key":"2025092505533635000_62.1.60.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-002-8519-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.2007.055111","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T12:53:45Z","timestamp":1758804825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.2007.055111"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.2007.055111"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.2007.055111","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9746"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-4146"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]]}}}