{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T07:34:23Z","timestamp":1765006463421,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1970,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous electrophoretic methods for the separation of tissue-specific serum alkaline phosphatases have either been unable to separate the liver and bone enzymes or have been too involved for routine clinical use. A relatively simple electrophoretic method is described which separates placental, liver, bone, and intestinal alkaline phosphatases in serum. The clinical applications of such a method appear to be mainly in the differential diagnosis of liver and bone disease, especially in complicated hypercalcaemic states where tumour metastases can affect both bone and liver, in children, and possibly in cirrhosis of the liver.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>No differences in electrophoretic mobility could be seen between zymograms of different diseases affecting the same organ. Patients presenting with hepatic cirrhosis all showed a marked serum intestinal alkaline phosphatase zone as well as a liver zone on electrophoresis. An intestinal zone was not present with other types of hepatobiliary disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The heterogeneity of total serum alkaline phosphatase activity in normal subjects is demonstrated, alkaline phosphatases of liver and bone, and sometimes of intestine being present in normal serum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results obtained in women in the last trimester of pregnancy and in old people are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.23.6.499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"499-508","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Electrophoretic separation of tissue-specific serum alkaline phosphatases"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Canapa-Anson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. J. F.","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1970,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(67)90229-1","article-title":"Acrylamide gel slab electrophoresis in a simple glass cell for improved resolution and comparison of serum proteins","volume":"19","author":"Akroyd, P.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Akroyd, P. (1967). Acrylamide gel slab electrophoresis in a simple glass cell for improved resolution and comparison of serum proteins. Analyt. Biochem., 19, 399-410.","journal-title":"Analyt. Biochem"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"789","article-title":"Phenolphthalein monophosphate, a new substrate for alkaline phosphatase","volume":"17","author":"Babson, A.L.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Babson, A. L. (1965). Phenolphthalein monophosphate, a new substrate for alkaline phosphatase. Clin. Chem., 17, 789.","journal-title":"Clin. Chem"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1126\/science.134.3484.1002","article-title":"Alkaline phosphatase in human sera and placentae","volume":"134","author":"Boyer, S.H.","year":"1961","unstructured":"Boyer, S. H. (1961). Alkaline phosphatase in human sera and placentae. Science, 134, 1002-1004.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(50)80103-8","article-title":"Plasma 'alkaline' phosphatase activity. I. Normative data for growing children","volume":"36","author":"Clark, L.C.; Beck, E.","year":"1950","unstructured":"Clark, L. C., and Beck, E. (1950). Plasma 'alkaline' phosphatase activity. I. Normative data for growing children. J. Pediat., 36, 335-341.","journal-title":"J. Pediat"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"685686","article-title":"L-phenylanaline: an organ specific, stereospecific inhit itor ofhuman intestinal alkaline phosphatase","volume":"198","author":"Fishman, W.H.; Green, S.; Inglis, N.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Fishman, W. H., Green, S., and Inglis, N. 1. (1963). L-phenylanaline: an organ specific, stereospecific inhit itor ofhuman intestinal alkaline phosphatase. Nature (Lond.), 198, 685686.","journal-title":"Nature (Lond.)"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1936.00170060141006","article-title":"Serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus and phosphatase activity in hyperparathyroidism, Paget's disease, multiple myeloma and neoplastic diseases of the bones","volume":"57","author":"Gutman, A.B.; Tyson, T.L.; Gutman, E.B.","year":"1936","unstructured":"Gutman, A. B., Tyson, T. L., and Gutman, E. B. (1936). Serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus and phosphatase activity in hyperparathyroidism, Paget's disease, multiple myeloma and neoplastic diseases of the bones. Arch. intern. Med. 57, 379-413.","journal-title":"Arch. intern. Med"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"105","article-title":"Serum alkaline phos, phatase levels in the aged","volume":"51","author":"Heino, A.E.; Jokipii, S.G.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Heino, A. E., and Jokipii, S. G. (1962). Serum alkaline phos, phatase levels in the aged. Ann. Med. intern. Fenn., 51, 105-109.","journal-title":"Ann. Med. intern. Fenn"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.20.4.654","article-title":"An interpretation of the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase in disease","volume":"20","author":"Hill, P.G.; Sammons, H.G.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Hill, P. G., and Sammons, H. G. (1967). An interpretation of the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase in disease. J. clin. Path., 20, 654-659.","journal-title":"J. clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"106","article-title":"Clinical value of serum 5-nucleotidase assay","volume-title":"6th International Congress of Clinical Chemistry, Munich 1966","volume":"2","author":"Hobbs, J.R.; Campbell, D.M.; Scheuer, P.J.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Hobbs, J. R., Campbell, D. M., and Scheuer, P. J. (1968). Clinical value of serum 5-nucleotidase assay. In 6th International Congress of Clinical Chemistry, Munich 1966, Vol. 2, Clinical Fnzymology, pp. 106-120."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"1433","article-title":"De invloed van de leeftijd op de alkalische-fosfatasewaarde in het serum","volume":"108","author":"Klaassen, C.H.L.; Siertsema, L.H.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Klaassen, C. H. L., and Siertsema, L. H. (1964). De invloed van de leeftijd op de alkalische-fosfatasewaarde in het serum. Ned. T. Geneesk., 108, 1433-1436.","journal-title":"Ned. T. Geneesk"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"17","article-title":"The clinical application of alkaline phosphatase electrophoresis","volume":"36","author":"Newton, M.A.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Newton, M. A. (1967). The clinical application of alkaline phosphatase electrophoresis. Quart. J. Med., 36, 17-28.","journal-title":"Quart. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-62-6-1234","article-title":"Heat inactivation in the study of human alkaline phosphatases","volume":"62","author":"Posen, S.; Neale, F.C.; Clubb, J.S.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Posen, S., Neale, F. C., and Clubb, J. S. (1965). Heat inactivation in the study of human alkaline phosphatases. Ann. intern. Med., 62, 1234-1243.","journal-title":"Ann. intern. Med"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(68)90278-7","article-title":"Separation of human tissue alkaline phosphatases by electrophoresis on acrylamide disc gel","volume":"19","author":"Smith, I.; Lightstone, P.J.; Perry, J.D.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Smith, I., Lightstone, P. J., and Perry, J. D. (1968). Separation of human tissue alkaline phosphatases by electrophoresis on acrylamide disc gel. Clin. chim. Acta, 19, 499-505.","journal-title":"Clin. chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.20.4.647","article-title":"Origins of serum alkaline phosphatase","volume":"20","author":"Yong, J.M.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Yong, J. M. (1967). Origins of serum alkaline phosphatase. J. clin. Path., 20, 647-653.","journal-title":"J. clin. 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