{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T03:28:26Z","timestamp":1765078106916,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1970,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In normal serum, saline dialysis for 48 hours in Visking casing resulted in folate clearance closely comparable to that produced by haemoglobin-coated charcoal adsorption, except in kwashiorkor where charcoal removed a greater proportion of folate. Pre- and post-dialysis values probably represented total and bound folate, respectively. Urinary folate consisted almost exclusively of dialyzable or free folate. Folate in saliva, bile, and erythrocytes consisted of dialyzable and non-dialyzable fractions; gastric juice contained minimal amounts of folate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In spite of low serum albumin in kwashiorkor the bound folate fraction was increased rather than decreased; in myeloma with hyperglobulinaemia there was no increase in the bound folate fraction. Nephrotic urine did not contain excess folate, but pregnancy urine (third trimester) showed increased total folate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Serum, chromatographed on Sephadex G-25, produced two folate peaks, only the first being associated with serum proteins. Urine contained only a second folate peak corresponding to the elution peak of pteroyl-monoglutamic acid (PGA). Adsorption studies with charcoal coated with `molecular sieves' of varying size suggested that the predominant serum folate binder was of molecular weight 70,000-120,000. It is unlikely to be albumin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.23.8.703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"703-707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Folate binders in body fluids"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"F. P.","family":"Retief","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne J.","family":"Huskisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1970,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","article-title":"Studies on the folic acid vitamins","author":"Condit, P.T.; Grob, D.","year":"1958","unstructured":"Condit, P. T., and Grob, D. (1958). Studies on the folic acid vitamins."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"\"525","article-title":"Observations on the metabolism of folic acid in man and on the effect of aminopterin","volume":"11","author":"Cowan, J.D.; Hoffbrand, A.V.; Mollin, D.L.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Observations on the metabolism of folic acid in man and on the effect of aminopterin. Cancer (Philad.), 11, 525-536. Cowan, J. D., Hoffbrand, A. V., and Mollin, D. L. (1966). Effect of serum factors other than folate on the Lacto bacillus casei assay. Lancet, 1, 11-14.","journal-title":"Cancer (Philad.); Effect of serum factors other than folate on the Lacto bacillus casei assay"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V25.6.875.875","article-title":"Rapid charcoal assay for intrinsic factor (IF) gastric juice unsaturated B1, binding capacity, antibody to 1 F, and serum unsaturated B1, binding capacity","volume":"25","author":"Gottlieb, C.; Lau, K.S.; Wasserman, L.R.; Herbert, V.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Gottlieb, C., Lau, K. S., Wasserman, L. R., and Herbert, V. (1965). Rapid charcoal assay for intrinsic factor (IF) gastric juice unsaturated B1, binding capacity, antibody to 1 F, and serum unsaturated B1, binding capacity. Blood, 25, 875-884.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1969.tb01368.x","article-title":"Serum vitamin-B,, binding proteins in kwashiorkor","volume":"17","author":"Grassmann, R.; Retief, F.P.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Grassmann, R., and Retief, F. P. (1969). Serum vitamin-B,,binding proteins in kwashiorkor. Brit. J. Haemat., 17, 237-243.","journal-title":"Brit. J. Haemat"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196703092761005","article-title":"Megaloblastic hemacopoiesis in uremia and in patients on long-term hemodialysis","volume":"276","author":"Hampers, C.L.; Streiff, R.; Nathan, D.C.; Snyder, D.; Merrill, J.P.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Hampers, C. L., Streiff, R., Nathan, D. C., Snyder, D., and Merrill, J. P. (1967). Megaloblastic hemacopoiesis in uremia and in patients on long-term hemodialysis. New Engl. J. Med., 276, 551-554.","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.19.1.12","article-title":"Aseptic addition method for Lactobacillus casei assay of folate activity in human serum","volume":"19","author":"Herbert, V.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Herbert, V. (1966). Aseptic addition method for Lactobacillus casei assay of folate activity in human serum. J. clin. Path., 19, 12-16.","journal-title":"J. clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"55","article-title":"Coated charcoal separation of free labelled hormone from hormone bound to antibody. In Protein and Polypeptide Hormones","volume":"161","author":"Herbert, V.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Herbert, V. (1969). Coated charcoal separation of free labelled hormone from hormone bound to antibody. In Protein and Polypeptide Hormones. (Excerpta med. int Cong. Ser.), Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, 161, pp 55-60.","journal-title":"(Excerpta med. int Cong. Ser.), Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.19.1.17","article-title":"Method of assay of red cell folate activity and t he value of the assay as a test for folate deficiency","volume":"19","author":"Hoffbrand, A.V.; Newcombe, B.F.A.; Mollin, D.L.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Hoffbrand, A. V., Newcombe, B. F. A., and Mollin, D. L. (1966). Method of assay of red cell folate activity and t he value of the assay as a test for folate deficiency. J. clin. Path., 19, 17-28.","journal-title":"J. clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(68)90120-3","article-title":"Pteroylglutamic acid (PGA) activity of serum in gel. filtration","volume":"7","author":"Markkanen, T.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Markkanen, T. (1968). Pteroylglutamic acid (PGA) activity of serum in gel. filtration. 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