{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T05:12:19Z","timestamp":1765602739414,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1971,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A study is reported of the estimation of plasma chloride concentration and acid-base status in the differentiation of primary hyperparathyroidism from all other causes of hypercalcaemia. In the two groups of patients studied, all of whom had hypercalcaemia, there was complete separation between the two groups on the basis of plasma chloride concentration and acid-base status. In 16 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism the increase in plasma chloride concentration and associated metabolic acidosis could have been accounted for by the known renal tubular effects of parathyroid hormone. In 13 patients with hypercalcaemia due to various other causes the decrease in plasma chloride concentration and associated metabolic alkalosis could be accounted for either by the known effects of an excess of calcium-ion on the renal tubules, or perhaps by suppression of endogenous parathyroid hormone secretion. In patients with hypercalcaemia and hypophosphataemia of `pseudohyperparathyroidism' associated with non-endocrine tumours it is postulated that the low plasma chloride concentrations and metabolic alkalosis found in these patients were due either to a differing biological activity of the parathyroid-hormone-like polypeptide secreted by the tumour cells, or possibly to simultaneous secretion by these cells of an ACTH-like polypeptide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.24.3.219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"219-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Value of plasma chloride concentration and acid-base status in the differential diagnosis of hyperpara-thyroidism from other causes of hypercalcaemia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"M. R.","family":"Wills","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1971,4,1]]},"reference":[{"article-title":"Case Records MGH Haemangiosarcoma","year":"1953","key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Case Records MGH Haemangiosarcoma, (1953)"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"Squamous-cell","author":"Massaro; Owen","year":"1962","unstructured":"Massaro and Owen Squamous-cell Ca, (1962)"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"Epidermoid","author":"Loebel; Walkoff","year":"1962","unstructured":"Loebel and Walkoff Epidermoid Ca, (1962)"},{"article-title":"Case Records MGH Adenocarcinoma","year":"1963","key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Case Records MGH Adenocarcinoma, (1963)"},{"key":"ref_5","article-title":"kidney and Frick","author":"Lamberg, Pelkonen; Ca, Clear-cell","year":"1964","unstructured":"4 0 Lamberg, Pelkonen, Clear-cell Ca, kidney and Frick (1964)"},{"article-title":"Goldberg et","author":"al (1964) Adenocarcinoma, kidney","key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Goldberg et al (1964) Adenocarcinoma, kidney"},{"key":"ref_7","article-title":"Squamous-cell","author":"Anderson; Glenn","year":"1965","unstructured":"Anderson and Glenn Squamous-cell Ca, (1965)"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"15","article-title":"Clear-cell Ca, kidney'","author":"O.'Grady","year":"1965","unstructured":"4 5 O'Grady et al (1965) Clear-cell Ca, kidney' 15-0 4-5 5-2"},{"key":"ref_9","article-title":"Liver cell","author":"Keller, Goldschneider","year":"1965","unstructured":"Keller, Goldschneider, Liver cell Ca and Lafferty (1965)","journal-title":"Ca and Lafferty"},{"key":"ref_10","article-title":"Squamous-cell","author":"Gault; Kinsella","year":"1965","unstructured":"Gault and Kinsella Squamous-cell Ca, (1965)"},{"key":"ref_11","article-title":"Anaplastic","author":"Strickland, Bold, and","year":"1967","unstructured":"Strickland, Bold, and Anaplastic Ca, Medd (1967)"},{"key":"ref_12","article-title":"Retroperitoneal Leprat","author":"Cabau, Dubost, and","year":"1968","unstructured":"Cabau, Dubost, and Retroperitoneal Leprat (1968)"},{"article-title":"Ross and Shelley Mesonephric","year":"1968","key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Ross and Shelley Mesonephric Ca, (1968)"},{"key":"ref_14","article-title":"Squamous-cell","author":"Dean, Lambie, and","year":"1969","unstructured":"Dean, Lambie, and Squamous-cell Ca, Shivas (1969)"},{"key":"ref_15","article-title":"The Parathyroid Glands and Metabolic Bone Disease. 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(1963). Acidification de l'urine apres injection intra-veineuse de gluconate de calcium a I'homme. IV. Effets oppos6s de l'acetazolamide et du gluconate de calcium. Rev. franC.Etud."},{"year":"1967","author":"Ardaillou, R.; Vuagnat, P.; Milhaud, G.; Richet, G.","key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Ardaillou, R., Vuagnat, P., Milhaud, G., and Richet, G. (1967)."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)32936-4","article-title":"The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"52","author":"Avioli, L.V.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Avioli, L. V. (1968). The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. Med. Clin. N. Amer., 52, 451-462.","journal-title":"Med. Clin. N. Amer"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.22.6.718","article-title":"Bronchial carcinoma and hypercalcaemia","volume":"22","author":"Azzopardi, J.G.; Whittaker, R.S.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Azzopardi, J. 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