{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:01:12Z","timestamp":1790413272402,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A modified nitroblue tetrazolium test (NBT) is described which is suitable for routine application in the haematology or bacteriology laboratory and which provides a rapid aid to the diagnosis of bacterial infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Hitherto published methods have recommended the use of heparinized whole blood samples for the performance of the NBT test. However, we have demonstrated that the use of the sucrose polymer Ficoll permits the test to be carried out on buffy coats prepared from venous blood anticoagulated in sequestrene (EDTA).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>The mean percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils in 60 healthy control subjects was 6\u00b71. The mean percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils in 56 patients with confirmed or presumed bacterial infection was 34\u00b72. Scores within the normal range were observed in 13 patients in this group. Forty-eight individuals with viral infection yielded a mean percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils of 8\u00b75. Six patients in this group gave scores above the upper limit of normal.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Both pathological groups are described in detail and applications of this test are suggested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.26.1.52","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"52-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Routine application of the nitroblue tetrazolium test in the clinical laboratory"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"A. M.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. M.","family":"Rowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. G.","family":"Carson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91362-6","article-title":"NBT test in malaria","volume":"2","author":"Andersen, B.R.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Andersen, B. R. (1971). NBT test in malaria. (Letter). Lancet, 2, 317.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1126\/science.155.3764.835","article-title":"Leucocyte oxidase: defective activity in chronic granulomatous disease","volume":"155","author":"Baehner, R.L.; Nathan, D.G.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Baehner, R. L., and Nathan, D. G. (1967). Leucocyte oxidase: defective activity in chronic granulomatous disease. Science, 155, 835-836.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196805022781801","article-title":"Quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium test in chronic granulomatous disease","volume":"278","author":"Baehner, R.L.; Nathan, D.G.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Baehner, R. L., and Nathan, D. G. (1968). Quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium test in chronic granulomatous disease. New Engl. J. Med., 278, 971-976.","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI106305","article-title":"Correction of metabolic deficiencies in the leucocytes of patients with chronic granulomatous disease","volume":"49","author":"Baehner, R.L.; Nathan, D.G.; Karnovsky, M.L.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Baehner, R. L., Nathan, D. G., and Karnovsky, M. L. (1970). Correction of metabolic deficiencies in the leucocytes of patients with chronic granulomatous disease. J. clin. Invest., 49, 865-870.","journal-title":"J. clin. Invest"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"549","article-title":"NBT test in parasitic disease","volume":"2","author":"Chretian, J.H.; Garagusi, V.F.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Chretian, J. H., and Garagusi, V. F. (1971). NBT test in parasitic disease. (Letter). Lancet, 2, 549.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)91539-5","article-title":"NBT test in viral meningitis","volume":"1","author":"Elgefors, B.; Olling, S.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Elgefors, B., and Olling, S. (1972). NBT test in viral meningitis. (Letter). Lancet, 1, 967.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90262-0","article-title":"NBT test in bacterial meningitis","volume":"1","author":"Esposito, R.; De Lalla, E.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Esposito, R., and De Lalla, E. (1972). NBT test in bacterial meningitis. (Letter). Lancet, 1, 747-748.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(71)80005-7","article-title":"Nitroblue tetrazolium dye test as an aid in the differential diagnosis of febrile disorders","volume":"78","author":"Feigin, R.D.; Shackelford, P.G.; Choi, S.C.; Flake, K.K.; Franklin, Jr., F.A.; Eisenberg, C.S.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Feigin, R. D., Shackelford, P. G., Choi, S. C., Flake, K. K., Franklin, F. A., Jr., and Eisenberg, C. S. (1971). Nitroblue tetrazolium dye test as an aid in the differential diagnosis of febrile disorders. J. Pediat., 78, 230-237.","journal-title":"J. Pediat"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91312-2","article-title":"A modification to the NBT test","volume":"2","author":"Freeman, R.; King, B.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Freeman, R., and King, B. (1971). A modification to the NBT test. (Letter). Lancet, 2, 1154.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)90197-3","article-title":"Nitroblue tetrazolium test and neutropenia","volume":"1","author":"Freeman, R.; King, B.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Freeman, R., and King, B. (1972a). Nitroblue tetrazolium test and neutropenia. (Letter). Lancet, 1, 533-534.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)91529-2","article-title":"NBT testand mycoplasma","volume":"1","author":"Freeman, R.; King, B.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Freeman, R., and King, B. (1972b). NBT testand mycoplasma. (Letter). Lancet, 1, 962.","journal-title":"(Letter). Lancet"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"125","article-title":"Increased reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by neutrophils of newborn infants","volume":"45","author":"Humbert, J.R.; Kurtz, M.L.; Hathaway, W.E.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Humbert, J. R., Kurtz, M. L., and Hathaway, W. E. (1970). Increased reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by neutrophils of newborn infants. Pediatrics, 45, 125-128.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"909","article-title":"Leading article. Nitroblue tetrazolium: a routine test?","volume":"2","author":"Lancet","year":"1971","unstructured":"Lancet (1971). Leading article. Nitroblue tetrazolium: a routine test? Lancet, 2, 909-910.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"62","article-title":"Spontaneous in vitro nitroblue tetrazolium reduction: a discriminatory test for bacterial infection in adults","volume":"49","author":"Matula, G.; Paterson, P.Y.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Matula, G., and Paterson, P. Y. (1970). Spontaneous in vitro nitroblue tetrazolium reduction: a discriminatory test for bacterial infection in adults. J. clin. Invest., 49, 62a.","journal-title":"J. clin. Invest"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197108052850603","article-title":"Spontaneous in vitro reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by neutrophils of adult patients with bacterial infection","volume":"285","author":"Matula, G.; Paterson, P.Y.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Matula, G., and Paterson, P. Y. (1971). Spontaneous in vitro reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by neutrophils of adult patients with bacterial infection. New. Engl. J. Med., 285, 311-317.","journal-title":"New. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(71)80048-3","article-title":"The use and limitations of the nitroblue tetrazolium test as a diagnostic aid","volume":"78","author":"Park, B.H.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Park, B. H. (1971). The use and limitations of the nitroblue tetrazolium test as a diagnostic aid. J. Pediat., 78, 376-378.","journal-title":"J. Pediat"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"532","article-title":"Infection and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by neutrophils; a diagnostic aid","volume":"2","author":"Park, B.H.; Fikrig, S.M.; Smithwick, E.M.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Park, B. H., Fikrig, S. M., and Smithwick, E. M. (1968). Infection and nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by neutrophils; a diagnostic aid. Lancet, 2, 532-534.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.23.6.517","article-title":"Dehydrogenase enzyme cytochemistry of unfixed leucocytes","volume":"23","author":"Stuart, J.; Simpson, J.S.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Stuart, J., and Simpson, J. S. (1970). Dehydrogenase enzyme cytochemistry of unfixed leucocytes. J. clin. Path., 23, 517-521.","journal-title":"J. clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_19","article-title":"Since the completion of this manuscript, Wollman and his colleagues","volume-title":"have reported that the NBT test is useful in monitoring the occurrence of bacterial infections in uraemic patients and have suggested that the test may be of value in the differentiation between infection and rejection in the renal transplant patient","year":"1972","unstructured":"Since the completion of this manuscript, Wollman and his colleagues (1972) have reported that the NBT test is useful in monitoring the occurrence of bacterial infections in uraemic patients and have suggested that the test may be of value in the differentiation between infection and rejection in the renal transplant patient."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"289","volume":"2","author":"Wollman, M.R.; Brennan, B.L.; Stenzel, K.H.; David, D.S.; Lewy, J.E.; Ruben, A.L.; Miller, D.R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Wollman, M. R., Brennan, B. L., Stenzel, K. H., David, D. S., Lewy, J. E., Ruben, A. L., and Miller, D. R. (1972). The Nitroblue Tetrazolium test. Lancet, 2, 289-292.","journal-title":"The Nitroblue Tetrazolium test. Lancet"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.26.1.52","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T19:25:55Z","timestamp":1758914755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.26.1.52"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1973,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.26.1.52"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.26.1.52","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9746","type":"print"},{"value":"1472-4146","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1973,1]]}}}