{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T18:05:30Z","timestamp":1763748330919,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Pathol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,3]]},"abstract":"\n 5-Fluorocytosine (5 FC) showed marked\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n activity against nearly all the clinical isolates of\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n examined; the required minimal inhibitory concentration was usually below 2 \u03bcg\/ml and the minimal cidal concentration below 10 \u03bcg\/ml. The drug had limited activity towards\n Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n species and dermatophytes. Strains of\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n and other fungi with greatly enhanced resistance were fairly readily obtained by successive cultures on increasingly high concentrations of 5-fluorocytosine.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Serum, urine, and faecal assays of 5 FC were made by a microbiological method on specimens from eight children who received between 100 and 25 mg\/kg\/day of the drug over several weeks for candidosis of the urinary tract usually associated with congenital anatomical abnormalities. Seven of these cases were successfully treated but in the other the\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n became highly resistant and treatment was discontinued. Serum drug levels ranged up to 30 \u03bcg\/ml; urine levels were frequently between 200 and 500 \u03bcg\/ml. No 5 FC was detected in faecal samples.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Sensitivity tests and assays were also made on samples from subjects receiving 5 FC in other hospitals; five had systemic\n C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n infection, the sixth had cryptococcal meningitis. In the latter case levels up to 34 \u03bcg\/ml were recorded in the cerebrospinal fluid after oral administration, and an investigation was made into the possibility of competitive antagonism by intrathecal cytosine arabinoside given for Hodgkin's disease. The emergence in two other cases of strains of\n Candida<\/jats:italic>\n highly resistant to 5 FC is discussed, and it is suggested that careful laboratory monitoring of cases receiving 5 FC must continue throughout therapy and afterwards.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.26.3.167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,9]],"date-time":"2007-06-09T00:50:46Z","timestamp":1181350246000},"page":"167-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The antimycotic activity of 5-fluorocytosine"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"R. J.","family":"Holt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. L.","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5809.351-a","article-title":"Urinary candidiasis after renal transplantation","volume":"2","author":"Cartwright, R.Y.; Shaldon, C.; Hall, G.H.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cartwright, R. Y., Shaldon, C., and Hall, G. H. (1972). Urinary candidiasis after renal transplantation. Brit. med. J., 2, 351.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5749.577","article-title":"5-Fluorocytosine and urinary candidiasis","volume":"1","author":"Davies, R.R.; Reeves, D.S.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Davies, R. R., and Reeves, D. S. (1971). 5-Fluorocytosine and urinary candidiasis. Brit. med. J., 1, 577-579.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"135","article-title":"Des tRNA de levure ayant incorpor6 du 5-fluorouracill provenant de la d6samination in vivo de la 5-fluorocytosine","volume":"52","author":"Giege, R.; Weil, J.H.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Giege, R., and Weil, J. H. (1970). Des tRNA de levure ayant incorpor6 du 5-fluorouracill provenant de la d6samination in vivo de la 5-fluorocytosine. Bull. Soc. Chim. biol. (Paris), 52, 135-144.","journal-title":"Bull. Soc. Chim. biol. (Paris)"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"566","article-title":"Chemotherapeutic activity of 5-Fluorocytosine","volume":"3","author":"Grunberg, E.; Titsworth, E.; Bennett, M.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Grunberg, E., Titsworth, E., and Bennett, M. (1964). Chemotherapeutic activity of 5-Fluorocytosine. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 3, (1963), 566-568.","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.22.4.475","article-title":"The classification of staphylococci from colonized ventriculo-atrial shunts","volume":"22","author":"Holt, R.J.","year":"1969","unstructured":"Holt, R. J. (1969). The classification of staphylococci from colonized ventriculo-atrial shunts. J. clin. Path., 22, 475-482.","journal-title":"J. clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_6","series-title":"Proceedings ofthe 10th International Congress of Microbiology","first-page":"149","article-title":"Studies on the broad-spectrum antimycotic agent Bay b5097, Clotrimazole","author":"Holt, R.J.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Holt, R. J. (1970). Studies on the broad-spectrum antimycotic agent Bay b5097, Clotrimazole. In Proceedings ofthe 10th International Congress of Microbiology (Mexico City), p. 149."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.20.1.80","article-title":"Candida in the faeces of children receiving oral tetracycline and phenoxymethyl penicillin","volume":"20","author":"Holt, R.J.; Newman, R.L.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Holt, R. J., and Newman, R. L. (1967). Candida in the faeces of children receiving oral tetracycline and phenoxymethyl penicillin. J. clin. Path., 20, 80-83.","journal-title":"J. clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5815.714-d","article-title":"Urinary candidiasis after renal transplantation","volume":"2","author":"Holt, R.J.; Newman, R.L.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Holt, R. J., and Newman, R. L. (1972a). Urinary candidiasis after renal transplantation. Brit. med. J., 2, 714-715.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.25.12.1089","article-title":"Laboratory assessment of the antimycotic drug clotrimazole","volume":"25","author":"Holt, R.J.; Newman, R.L.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Holt, R. J., and Newman, R. L. (1972b). Laboratory assessment of the antimycotic drug clotrimazole. J. clin. Path., 25, 1089-1097.","journal-title":"J. clin. Path"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"553","article-title":"The assay of penicillin in blood serum using Sarcina lutea","volume":"17","author":"Lightbown, J.W.; Sulitzeanu, D.","year":"1957","unstructured":"Lightbown, J. W., and Sulitzeanu, D. (1957). The assay of penicillin in blood serum using Sarcina lutea. Bull. Wld Hlth Org., 17, 553-567.","journal-title":"Bull. Wld Hlth Org"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5825.531","article-title":"C. albicans resistance to 5-fluorocytosine","volume":"3","author":"Logan, R.L.; Goldberg, M.J.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Logan, R. L., and Goldberg, M. J. (1972). C. albicans resistance to 5-fluorocytosine. Brit. med. J., 3, 531.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5743.262","article-title":"Candida endocarditis treated with 5-fluorocytosine","volume":"1","author":"Record, C.O.; Skinner, J.M.; Sleight, P.; Speller, D.C.E.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Record, C. O., Skinner, J. M., Sleight, P., and Speller, D. C. E. (1971). Candida endocarditis treated with 5-fluorocytosine. Brit. med. J., 1, 262-264.","journal-title":"Brit. med. J"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"Chemotherapie von Mykosen der inneren","author":"Scholer, H.J.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Scholer, H. 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Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.26.3.167","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T17:48:52Z","timestamp":1763747332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcp.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/jcp.26.3.167"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1973,3]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1973,3,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1973,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/jcp.26.3.167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jcp.26.3.167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9746","1472-4146"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0021-9746"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-4146"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1973,3]]}}}